Decoding auditory attention from single-trial EEG for a high-efficiency brain-computer interface.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems enable humans to communicate with a machine in a non-verbal and covert way. Many past BCI designs used visual stimuli, due to the robustness of neural signatures evoked by visual input. However, these BCI systems can only be used when visual attention is available. This study proposes a new BCI design using auditory stimuli, decoding spatial attention from electroencephalography (EEG). Results show that this new approach can decode attention with a high accuracy (>75%) and has a high information transfer rate (>10 bits/min) compared to other auditory BCI systems. It also has the potential to allow decoding that does not depend on subject-specific training.