Mei Jie, Xu Minpeng, Wang Lijie, Ke Yufeng, Wang Yijun, Jung Tzyy-Ping, Ming Dong
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020 Jul;2020:4745-4748. doi: 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9176131.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) allow for translating electroencephalogram (EEG) into control commands, e.g., to control a quadcopter. This study, we developed a practical BCI based on steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) for continuous control of a quadcopter from the first-person perspective. Users watched with the video stream from a camera on the quadcopter. An innovative user interface was developed by embedding 12 SSVEP flickers into the video stream, which corresponded to the flight commands of 'take-off,' 'land,' 'hover,' 'keep-going,' 'clockwise,' 'counter-clockwise' and rectilinear motions in six directions, respectively. The command was updated every 400ms by decoding the collected EEG data using a combined classification algorithm based on task-related component analysis (TRCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The quadcopter flew in the 3-D space according to the control vector that was determined by the latest four commands. Three novices participated in this study. They were asked to control the quadcopter by either the brain or hands to fly through a circle and land on the target zone. As a result, the time consumption ratio of brain-control to hand-control was as low as 1.34, which means the BCI performance was close to hands. The information transfer rate reached a peak of 401.79 bits/min in the simulated online experiment. These results demonstrate the proposed SSVEP-BCI system is efficient for controlling the quadcopter.
脑机接口（BCIs）能够将脑电图（EEG）转换为控制指令，例如控制四轴飞行器。在本研究中，我们基于稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）开发了一种实用的脑机接口，用于从第一人称视角对四轴飞行器进行连续控制。用户观看来自四轴飞行器上摄像头的视频流。通过将12个SSVEP闪烁信号嵌入视频流中开发了一种创新的用户界面，这些闪烁信号分别对应“起飞”“降落”“悬停”“前进”“顺时针”“逆时针”以及六个方向的直线运动等飞行指令。通过使用基于任务相关成分分析（TRCA）和线性判别分析（LDA）的组合分类算法对采集到的脑电数据进行解码，每400毫秒更新一次指令。四轴飞行器根据由最新的四个指令确定的控制向量在三维空间中飞行。三名新手参与了本研究。他们被要求通过大脑或手部控制四轴飞行器飞一圈并降落在目标区域。结果，脑控与手控的时间消耗比低至1.34，这意味着脑机接口的性能接近手部控制。在模拟在线实验中，信息传输速率达到了401.79比特/分钟的峰值。这些结果表明所提出的SSVEP - BCI系统在控制四轴飞行器方面是有效的。
