CNRS, UMR5293 Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Oct 1;21(19):7272. doi: 10.3390/ijms21197272.
The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a ubiquitous and central player in Ca signaling that is best known for its functions in the brain. In particular, the α isoform of CaMKII has been the subject of intense research and it has been established as a central regulator of neuronal plasticity. In contrast, little attention has been paid to CaMKIIβ, the other predominant brain isoform that interacts directly with the actin cytoskeleton, and the functions of CaMKIIβ in this organ remain largely unexplored. However, recently, the perturbation of CaMKIIβ expression has been associated with multiple neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental diseases, highlighting as a gene of interest. Herein, after highlighting the main structural and expression differences between the α and β isoforms, we will review the specific functions of CaMKIIβ, as described so far, in neuronal development and plasticity, as well as its potential implication in brain diseases.
钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶 II（CaMKII）是钙信号转导中普遍存在且至关重要的参与者，其在大脑中的功能最为人所知。特别是 CaMKII 的 α 同工型一直是深入研究的主题，它已被确立为神经元可塑性的中央调节剂。相比之下，对于 CaMKIIβ 关注较少，CaMKIIβ 是另一种主要的脑同工型，它与肌动蛋白细胞骨架直接相互作用，并且 CaMKIIβ 在该器官中的功能在很大程度上仍未得到探索。然而，最近，CaMKIIβ 表达的扰动与多种神经精神和神经发育疾病有关，突出了 CaMKIIβ 作为一个有趣的基因。在此，在强调 α 和 β 同工型之间的主要结构和表达差异之后，我们将回顾迄今为止 CaMKIIβ 在神经元发育和可塑性中的特定功能，以及其在大脑疾病中的潜在意义。
