Estudiante, Doctorados Nacionales Colciencias, Grupo UNIMOL, Doctorado en Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.
Laboratorio de Entomologia, Subdireccion Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia, Direccion Redes en Salud Publica, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
PLoS One. 2020 Oct 6;15(10):e0228695. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228695. eCollection 2020.
Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, which are of great public health importance in Colombia. Aedes control strategies in Colombia rely heavily on the use of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, providing constant selection pressure and the emergence of resistant populations. In recent years, insecticide use has increased due to the increased incidence of dengue and recent introductions of chikungunya and Zika. In the present study, pyrethroid resistance was studied across six populations of Ae. aegypti from the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Susceptibility to λ-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin was assessed, and resistance intensity was determined. Activity levels of enzymes associated with resistance were measured, and the frequencies of three kdr alleles (V1016I, F1534C, V410L) were calculated. Results showed variations in pyrethroid susceptibility across Ae. aegypti populations and altered enzyme activity levels were detected. The kdr alleles were detected in all populations, with high variations in frequencies: V1016I (frequency ranging from 0.15-0.70), F1534C (range 0.94-1.00), and V410L (range 0.05-0.72). In assays of phenotyped individuals, associations were observed between the presence of V1016I, F1534C, and V410L alleles and resistance to the evaluated pyrethroids, as well as between the VI1016/CC1534/VL410 tri-locus genotype and λ-cyhalothrin and permethrin resistance. The results of the present study contribute to the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the resistance to key pyrethroids used to control Ae. aegypti along the Caribbean coast of Colombia.
埃及伊蚊是登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介，这些病毒对哥伦比亚的公共卫生具有重要意义。哥伦比亚的蚊虫控制策略主要依赖于有机磷和拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的使用，这为抗性种群的出现提供了持续的选择压力。近年来，由于登革热发病率的增加以及基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的最近传入，杀虫剂的使用有所增加。在本研究中，研究了来自哥伦比亚加勒比海岸的六个埃及伊蚊种群的拟除虫菊酯抗性。评估了对 λ-氯氟氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯的敏感性，并确定了抗性强度。测量了与抗性相关的酶的活性水平，并计算了三个 kdr 等位基因（V1016I、F1534C、V410L）的频率。结果表明，埃及伊蚊种群对拟除虫菊酯的敏感性存在差异，并检测到酶活性水平的改变。在所有种群中都检测到 kdr 等位基因，其频率变化较大：V1016I（频率范围为 0.15-0.70）、F1534C（范围为 0.94-1.00）和 V410L（范围为 0.05-0.72）。在表型个体的测定中，观察到 V1016I、F1534C 和 V410L 等位基因的存在与对评估的拟除虫菊酯的抗性之间存在关联，以及 VI1016/CC1534/VL410 三基因座基因型与 λ-氯氟氰菊酯和氯菊酯抗性之间存在关联。本研究的结果有助于了解导致哥伦比亚加勒比海岸使用的关键拟除虫菊酯产生抗性的机制。
