Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Jan 23;17(1):e0011033. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011033. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Harris County, TX, is the third most populous county in the USA and upon detection of arboviruses Harris County Public Health applies insecticides (e.g., pyrethroid-based Permanone 31-66) against adults of Culex quinquefasciatus to prevent disease transmission. Populations of Aedes aegypti, while not yet a target of public health control, are likely affected by pyrethroid exposure. As this species is a vector of emerging arboviruses, its resistance status to Permanone and the kdr mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) associated with pyrethroid resistance were investigated. We examined females of known genotype at the V1016I and F1534C sites (N = 716) for their genotype at the 410 amino acid position in the VGSC, and for the influence of their kdr genotype on survival to Permanone at three different distances from the insecticide source in field tests. Most females (81.8%) had at least one resistant L allele at the 410 position, being the first report of the V410L mutation in Ae. aegypti for Texas. When only genotypes at the 410 position were analyzed, the LL genotype exhibited higher survivorship than VL or VV. Out of 27 possible tri-locus kdr genotypes only 23 were found. Analyses of the probability of survival of tri-locus genotypes and for the V410L genotype using a multivariate logistic regression model including area, distance, and genotype found significant interactions between distance and genotype. When only the most common tri-locus genotypes were analyzed (LL/II/CC, 48.2%; VL/II/CC, 19.1%; and VV/II/CC, 10.1%) genotype had no effect on survival, but significant interactions of distance and genotype were found. This indicated that the V410L kdr allele increased survival probability at certain distances. Genotypes did not differ in survivorship at 7.62-m, but LL/II/CC had higher survivorship than VL/II/CC at 15.24- and 22.86-m. The model also identified differences in survivorship among the operational areas investigated.
德克萨斯州哈里斯县是美国人口第三大的县，在发现虫媒病毒后，哈里斯县公共卫生局会对库蚊（Culex quinquefasciatus）成虫使用杀虫剂（如拟除虫菊酯类的 Permanone 31-66），以防止疾病传播。埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）虽然尚未成为公共卫生控制的目标，但可能受到拟除虫菊酯的影响。由于该物种是新兴虫媒病毒的传播媒介，因此研究了其对 Permanone 的抗性状况以及与拟除虫菊酯抗性相关的电压门控钠离子通道（VGSC）中的 kdr 突变。我们检查了已知在 V1016I 和 F1534C 位点基因型的雌性个体，以确定其在 VGSC 的 410 个氨基酸位置的基因型，并在现场试验中，根据其 kdr 基因型，研究了距离杀虫剂源三个不同距离处对 Permanone 的生存能力的影响。大多数雌性个体（81.8%）在 410 位置至少有一个抗性 L 等位基因，这是德克萨斯州首次报道埃及伊蚊的 V410L 突变。当仅分析 410 位的基因型时，LL 基因型的存活率高于 VL 或 VV。在 27 种可能的三基因座 kdr 基因型中，仅发现 23 种。使用包含区域、距离和基因型的多元逻辑回归模型分析三基因座基因型和 V410L 基因型的生存概率发现，距离和基因型之间存在显著的相互作用。当仅分析最常见的三基因座基因型（LL/II/CC，48.2%；VL/II/CC，19.1%；和 VV/II/CC，10.1%）时，基因型对存活率没有影响，但发现距离和基因型存在显著的相互作用。这表明 V410L kdr 等位基因在某些距离上增加了生存概率。在 7.62 米处，基因型的存活率没有差异，但在 15.24 米和 22.86 米处，LL/II/CC 的存活率高于 VL/II/CC。该模型还确定了所研究的操作区域之间的存活率差异。
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