Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71434, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71434, Szczecin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 7;10(1):16696. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73947-8.
The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional and use value of berries grown in organic and conventional systems. The polyphenol content, fruit colour and firmness, and yeast, mould, and mycotoxin contents were assessed in blueberry fruit freshly harvested and stored for 8 weeks in controlled conditions (CA: CO-12%; O-1.5%, temperature 1.5 °C). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was comparable in both systems and was lower for mould in organic fruit than in conventional fruit. Mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone) were found only in organic fruits. The optimal mineral content and pH of the soil allowed the cultivation of blueberry in accordance with organic standards. The storage of highbush blueberry fruit in CA cold storage for 8 weeks resulted in a slight deterioration in fruit quality and polyphenol content. The lower nutritional value of these fruits is compensated by the lack of pesticides and artificial fertilizers residues. The use of fungicides in conventional cultivation reduces the population of sensitive fungi and therefore reduces the contamination of fruits with mycotoxins.
本研究旨在比较有机和常规系统种植的浆果的营养和使用价值。在控制条件下（CA：CO-12%；O-1.5%，温度 1.5°C）新鲜收获并储存 8 周的蓝莓果实中评估了多酚含量、果实颜色和硬度以及酵母、霉菌和霉菌毒素含量。两种系统的香农-威纳多样性指数相当，有机果实中的霉菌多样性指数低于常规果实。仅在有机果实中发现了霉菌毒素（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、玉米赤霉烯酮）。土壤的最佳矿物质含量和 pH 值允许按照有机标准种植蓝莓。在 CA 冷藏库中储存高丛蓝莓果实 8 周会导致果实质量和多酚含量略有下降。这些水果营养价值较低，但不含农药和人工肥料残留。在常规种植中使用杀真菌剂会降低敏感真菌的数量，从而减少霉菌毒素对果实的污染。
