Connelly C E
Nurs Clin North Am. 1987 Sep;22(3):621-9.
The care of patients coping with chronic illness is a major priority and challenge to nursing. This is a result of the increased incidence of chronic illness and a recognition that effective care can significantly retard its progression and interference in the life of the patient. However, because most care in chronic illness is on an ambulatory basis, effective care is directly related to the extent to which patients practice self-care. As a result, the role of the nurse in working with chronically ill patients is less as a provider of treatment and more a facilitator of self-care by the patient. In addition, characteristics of chronic illness and treatment emphasize the complexity of factors and variables that impact on care. The model of self-care in chronic illness has been described to guide nurses in assessing the major issues that influence patients' participation in self-care. Regular assessment of patients' perceptions and circumstances relative to the variables identified by the model will guide nurses in promoting and supporting self-care by chronically ill patients.
护理慢性病患者是护理工作的重中之重，也是一大挑战。这是慢性病发病率上升以及人们认识到有效护理可显著延缓其进展并减少对患者生活干扰的结果。然而，由于慢性病护理大多是在门诊进行，有效护理直接取决于患者自我护理的程度。因此，护士在护理慢性病患者时，其角色已不再主要是治疗提供者，而更多地是患者自我护理的促进者。此外，慢性病及其治疗的特点凸显了影响护理的因素和变量的复杂性。慢性病自我护理模式已被描述出来，以指导护士评估影响患者自我护理参与度的主要问题。定期评估患者相对于该模式所确定变量的认知和情况，将指导护士促进和支持慢性病患者的自我护理。
