College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 Dec;73:101550. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101550. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species responsible for human and animals microsporidiasis. A total of 250 samples were collected weekly from 25 newborn dairy calves of a farm in Southern Xinjiang, China at one to ten weeks of age. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was identified and genotyped by nested PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.The cumulative prevalence of E. bieneusi infection was 100% (25/25), and the average infection was 52.0% (130/250). The highest infection rate was recorded at six weeks of age (92.0%, 23/25), and no infection was observed at one and two weeks of age. Sequencing analysis showed nine E. bieneusi genotypes (J, EbpC, PigEBITS5, CHV4, CHC3, CS-9, KIN-1, CH5, and CAM5) were identified. The highest genetic polymorphism was observed at ten weeks of age. Genotype J was the predominant E. bieneusi genotype. Phylogenetic analysis clustered genotype J into Group 2 and other eight genotypes (EbpC, PigEBITS5, CHV4, CHC3, CS-9, KIN-1, CH5, and CAM5), detected in 22 (16.9%, 22/130) samples, into Group 1. Among the genotypes, EbpC, KIN-1, and J have been identified in humans. The highest E. bieneusi infection rate (57.9%, 124/214) was observed in fecal samples with formed feces with no diarrhea (p < 0.01), and high genetic polymorphism was observed in class I fecal samples. The presence of zoonotic E. bieneusi genotypes in dairy calves suggests the possibility of transmitting zoonotic infections to humans. It provides the basic data on dynamic change of E. bieneusi in calves.
肠微孢子虫是导致人类和动物微孢子虫病的最常见物种。本研究从中国南疆某农场的 25 只 1 至 10 周龄新生奶牛每周采集 250 份粪便样本。采用巢式 PCR 扩增和 ITS 区测序对肠微孢子虫进行鉴定和基因分型。肠微孢子虫感染的累积患病率为 100%（25/25），平均感染率为 52.0%（130/250）。6 周龄时的感染率最高（92.0%，23/25），1 周龄和 2 周龄时未观察到感染。测序分析显示，共鉴定出 9 种肠微孢子虫基因型（J、EbpC、PigEBITS5、CHV4、CHC3、CS-9、KIN-1、CH5 和 CAM5）。10 周龄时观察到的遗传多态性最高。基因型 J 是主要的肠微孢子虫基因型。系统进化分析将基因型 J 聚类到第 2 组，而其他 8 种基因型（EbpC、PigEBITS5、CHV4、CHC3、CS-9、KIN-1、CH5 和 CAM5）在 22 份（16.9%，22/130）样本中检测到，聚类到第 1 组。在这些基因型中，EbpC、KIN-1 和 J 已在人类中被鉴定出。在无腹泻成形粪便的粪便样本中观察到最高的肠微孢子虫感染率（57.9%，124/214）（p < 0.01），且 I 级粪便样本中观察到较高的遗传多态性。奶牛犊牛中存在人畜共患的肠微孢子虫基因型表明，向人类传播人畜共患感染的可能性。它为犊牛肠微孢子虫的动态变化提供了基础数据。
