Brunault Paul, Berthoz Sylvie, Gearhardt Ashley N, Gierski Fabien, Kaladjian Arthur, Bertin Eric, Tchernof André, Biertho Laurent, de Luca Arnaud, Hankard Régis, Courtois Robert, Ballon Nicolas, Benzerouk Farid, Bégin Catherine
UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.
CHRU de Tours, Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Tours, France.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Sep 8;11:480671. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.480671. eCollection 2020.
The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) was designed to assess food addiction using a shorter version than the YFAS 2.0. We lack data about the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 in patients with obesity, as well as studies comparing the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 versus the full YFAS 2.0. This study aimed to validate the French-language mYFAS 2.0 in a non-clinical population (study 1, n = 250), to determine the yet unknown psychometric properties of this scale in patients with obesity (study 2, n = 345), and to compare the full YFAS 2.0 and the mYFAS 2.0 in terms of food addiction (FA) prevalence and symptoms detection in both populations.
Study 1 included 250 non-clinical individuals (non-underweight and non-obese persons screened negative for eating disorders). Study 2 included 345 bariatric surgery candidates recruited in three centers (Québec, Canada; Reims and Tours, France). The mYFAS 2.0 structure was investigated using confirmatory factorial analyses with tetrachoric correlations. Convergent validity was tested using the full YFAS 2.0, the Binge Eating Scale (both studies), the revised 18-item Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (study 1), the Beck Depression Inventory (study 2), and the body mass index (BMI; both studies).
The mYFAS 2.0 was unidimensional, and had adequate (study 1: KR-20 = .78) and acceptable (study 2: KR-20 = .73) internal consistency. In study 1, the mYFAS 2.0 had good convergent validity with the YFAS 2.0, BMI, binge eating, cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating; in study 2, the mYFAS 2.0 had good convergent validity with the YFAS 2.0, binge eating, depression, but not BMI. Participants endorsed fewer symptoms with the mYFAS 2.0 than with the YFAS 2.0; FA prevalences were similar between questionnaires in the non-clinical, but not in the clinical sample. A FA 'diagnosis' and risk of binge eating disorder were associated but did not completely overlap.
The mYFAS 2.0 has close psychometric properties to the YFAS 2.0 in non-clinical and clinical samples. However, the use of the mYFAS 2.0 in bariatric surgery candidates might lead to a significant underestimation of FA prevalence and number of FA symptoms.
改良耶鲁食物成瘾量表2.0（mYFAS 2.0）旨在使用比YFAS 2.0更简短的版本来评估食物成瘾。我们缺乏关于肥胖患者中mYFAS 2.0心理测量特性的数据，也缺乏比较mYFAS 2.0与完整YFAS 2.0心理测量特性的研究。本研究旨在验证法语版mYFAS 2.0在非临床人群中的有效性（研究1，n = 250），确定该量表在肥胖患者中尚未知晓的心理测量特性（研究2，n = 345），并比较完整YFAS 2.0和mYFAS 2.0在这两个人群中的食物成瘾（FA）患病率及症状检测情况。
研究1纳入了250名非临床个体（体重正常且非肥胖、饮食失调筛查呈阴性者）。研究2纳入了在三个中心（加拿大魁北克；法国兰斯和图尔）招募的345名减肥手术候选人。使用四分相关的验证性因子分析研究mYFAS 2.0的结构。使用完整YFAS 2.0、暴食量表（两项研究）、修订的18项三因素饮食问卷（研究1）、贝克抑郁量表（研究2）以及体重指数（BMI；两项研究）来测试收敛效度。
mYFAS 2.0是单维的，具有足够的（研究1：KR - 20 = 0.78）和可接受的（研究2：KR - 20 = 0.73）内部一致性。在研究1中，mYFAS 2.0与YFAS 2.0、BMI、暴食、认知抑制、无节制饮食和情绪化饮食具有良好的收敛效度；在研究2中，mYFAS 2.0与YFAS 2.0、暴食、抑郁具有良好的收敛效度，但与BMI没有。与YFAS 2.0相比，参与者认可的mYFAS 2.0症状更少；在非临床样本中，问卷之间的FA患病率相似，但在临床样本中并非如此。FA“诊断与暴食症风险相关，但并不完全重叠。
在非临床和临床样本中，mYFAS 2.0具有与YFAS 2.0相近的心理测量特性。然而，在减肥手术候选人中使用mYFAS 2.0可能会导致对FA患病率和FA症状数量的显著低估。
