Emeritus Chief of Internal Medicine Centre Hospitalier Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France.
Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Georgia.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2020 Oct;24(5):608-610. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1701500. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
Born in 1869, Gaston Contremoulins began his career as a painter. Fascinated by photography and discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1895, our ingenious self taught engineer joined the laboratory of microphotography in the faculty of medicine in Paris. He published in 1896 studies in the use of X-rays associated with a compass for research and anatomical localization of foreign bodies in the skull. This work was awarded by the Montyon prize of the French Academy of Sciences in 1897. Appointed chief of radiological laboratories in Paris Hospital in 1898, despite the fact that he was not doctor, he developed his method named metro radiography for localization, then extraction of foreign bodies in all organs mainly during World War 1. He developed with surgeons osteosynthesis and prothesis for wounded soldiers. Early awareness of radiation hazards for physicians, hospital staff and also the neighborhood of the radiological installation, Contremoulins developed ways of protecting source and also promoted the shielding of walls and floors, despite the opposition of some of the radiologists. Retired from the Necker Hospital in 1934, he exercised his talents in the Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital for another 16 years. He ended his days in 1950 after he was diagnosed with inoperable cataracts.
生于 1869 年的 Gaston Contremoulins 以画家身份开启职业生涯。1895 年，他对摄影和伦琴发现的 X 射线产生了浓厚的兴趣，这位自学成才的工程师加入了巴黎医学院的显微摄影实验室。1896 年，他发表了关于 X 射线应用的研究，该研究与指南针结合，用于研究和定位颅骨内的异物。这项工作于 1897 年获得法国科学院蒙顿奖。1898 年，他被任命为巴黎医院放射实验室主任，尽管他不是医生，但他开发了一种名为地铁放射摄影的方法，用于定位，然后在第一次世界大战期间提取所有器官的异物。他与外科医生一起为受伤的士兵开发了骨合成和假体。意识到辐射对医生、医院工作人员以及放射设备周围环境的危害，Contremoulins 开发了保护放射源的方法，并提倡屏蔽墙壁和地板，尽管一些放射科医生对此表示反对。1934 年从 Necker 医院退休后，他在圣日耳曼昂莱医院又工作了 16 年。1950 年，他被诊断出患有无法手术的白内障后结束了他的一生。
