Graßmann Carsten, Mann Maureen, Van Langenhove Lieva, Schwarz-Pfeiffer Anne
Research Institute for Textile and Clothing, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, 41065 Mönchengladbach, Germany.
Center for Textile Science and Engineering, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium .
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Oct 6;20(19):5691. doi: 10.3390/s20195691.
Electrochromic devices can act as passive displays. They change their color when a low voltage is applied. Flexible and bendable hybrid textile-film electrochromic devices with poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) were prepared on polyethylene polyethylene terephthalate (PEPES) membranes using a spray coating technique. The electrolyte consisted of a gelatin glycerol mixture as host matrix and calcium chloride. Titanium dioxide was used as an ion storage layer and a carbon containing dispersion was used for the counter electrode on a polyester rip-stop fabric. The sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS on PEPES was 500 Ohm/sq. A 5 × 5 electrochromic matrix with individually addressable pixels was successfully designed and assembled. The switching time of the pixels was 2 s at a voltage of 2.0 V directly after assembling. The use of titanium dioxide as ion storage also increased the contrast of the dark-blue reduced electrochromic layer. Coloration was not self-sustaining. The PEDOT:PSS layer needed a constant low voltage of at least 0.5 V to sustain in the dark-blue reduced state. The switching time increased with time. After 12 months the switching time was ~4 s at a voltage of 2.8 V. The addition of glycerol into the electrolyte extended the lifetime of a non-encapsulated textile electrochromic cell, because moisture is retained in the electrolyte. Charge carriers can be transported into and out of the electrochromic layer.
电致变色器件可作为无源显示器。施加低电压时它们会改变颜色。采用喷涂技术在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PEPES）膜上制备了具有聚3,4 - 乙撑二氧噻吩聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT:PSS）的柔性可弯曲混合纺织 - 薄膜电致变色器件。电解质由明胶甘油混合物作为主体基质和氯化钙组成。二氧化钛用作离子存储层，含碳分散体用于聚酯防撕裂织物上的对电极。PEPES上PEDOT:PSS的薄层电阻为500欧姆/平方。成功设计并组装了一个具有可单独寻址像素的5×5电致变色矩阵。组装后，在2.0 V电压下像素的切换时间为2秒。使用二氧化钛作为离子存储也增加了深蓝色还原电致变色层的对比度。显色不是自维持的。PEDOT:PSS层需要至少0.5 V的恒定低电压才能维持在深蓝色还原状态。切换时间随时间增加。12个月后，在2.8 V电压下切换时间约为4秒。向电解质中添加甘油延长了未封装的纺织电致变色电池的寿命，因为水分保留在电解质中。电荷载流子可以进出电致变色层。
