Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States.
USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Conservation, Griffin, GA 30223, United States.
Gene. 2021 Feb 15;769:145215. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145215. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major oilseed crop providing edible oil and protein. Oil quality is determined by fatty acid composition including the ratio of oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2). A genome-wide association study with 13,382 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was conducted to investigate the genetics basis of oil, protein, eight fatty acid concentrations, and O/L ratio (ratio of oleic and linoleic acid) using a diverse panel of 120 genotypes mainly selected from the U.S. peanut mini core collection grown in two years. A total of 178 significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with those seed composition traits were identified with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) from 18.35% to 27.56%. RNA-Seq analysis identified 282 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) within the 1 Mb of the significant QTLs for seed composition traits. Among those 282 genes, sixteen candidate genes for seed fatty acid metabolism and protein synthesis were screened according to the gene functions.
栽培花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是一种重要的油料作物，提供食用油和蛋白质。油质由脂肪酸组成决定，包括油酸（C18:1）和亚油酸（C18:2）的比例。利用主要选自美国花生微型核心收集的 120 个基因型的多样化群体，在两年内种植，进行了一项全基因组关联研究，利用 13,382 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）来研究油、蛋白质、八种脂肪酸浓度和 O/L 比（油酸和亚油酸的比例）的遗传基础。总共鉴定出与这些种子组成性状相关的 178 个显著数量性状位点（QTL），表型变异解释（PVE）从 18.35%到 27.56%。RNA-Seq 分析鉴定出种子组成性状的显著 QTL 内的 282 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。在这 282 个基因中，根据基因功能筛选出了十六个与种子脂肪酸代谢和蛋白质合成相关的候选基因。
