International Center for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health (ICLS), London, United Kingdom; Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Health Education & Promotion, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Addict Behav. 2021 Feb;113:106675. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106675. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
Because there are few proven smoking cessation approaches for young adults, it is critical to consider the potential of e-cigarettes as an option. Evidence from 2012 to 2013 in the United States (U.S.) suggested that current e-cigarette use was associated with a higher probability of daily smoking and a lower probability of quitting among young adults. This study examines the associations between e-cigarette use frequency and cigarette smoking in more recent data. Data on e-cigarette use were available for 32,656 current smokers and 9,565 past-year quitters ages 18-34 in the 2016-2018 U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Participants were categorized as "daily", "non-daily", "former", or "never" e-cigarette users. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated to test the associations between e-cigarette use and each of daily smoking and past-year cessation. With e-cigarette never-users as the reference: 1) daily e-cigarette users were 30% (95%CI 0.61-0.79) less likely to be daily smokers; non-daily and former e-cigarette users were 8% (95%CI 1.02-1.15) and 16% (95%CI 1.11-1.21) more likely to be daily smokers, respectively; 2) daily e-cigarette users were 54% (95%CI 1.38-1.73) more likely to have quit in the past year; non-daily and former e-cigarette users were 50% (95%CI 0.42-0.59) and 21% (95%CI 0.73-0.86) less likely to have quit in the past year, respectively. The findings suggest that non-daily e-cigarette use was associated with greater frequency of smoking and less quitting whereas daily e-cigarette use was associated with a lower frequency of smoking and more quitting among young adults in 2016-18.
由于针对年轻成年人的戒烟方法有限，因此必须考虑将电子烟作为一种选择的可能性。2012 年至 2013 年在美国进行的研究结果表明，目前使用电子烟与年轻人中每日吸烟的可能性增加和戒烟的可能性降低有关。本研究在更新的数据中检验了电子烟使用频率与吸烟之间的关联。2016 年至 2018 年，美国行为风险因素监测系统收集了 32656 名当前吸烟者和 9565 名过去一年戒烟者的电子烟使用数据。参与者被归类为“每日”、“非每日”、“前”或“从不”使用电子烟者。使用调整后的流行率比值来检验电子烟使用与每日吸烟和过去一年戒烟之间的关联。以从不使用电子烟者为参照：1）每日使用电子烟者每日吸烟的可能性降低 30%（95%CI 0.61-0.79）；非每日和前吸烟者每日吸烟的可能性分别增加 8%（95%CI 1.02-1.15）和 16%（95%CI 1.11-1.21）；2）每日使用电子烟者过去一年戒烟的可能性增加 54%（95%CI 1.38-1.73）；非每日和前吸烟者过去一年戒烟的可能性分别降低 50%（95%CI 0.42-0.59）和 21%（95%CI 0.73-0.86）。这些发现表明，非每日使用电子烟与吸烟频率增加和戒烟减少有关，而每日使用电子烟与年轻人吸烟频率降低和戒烟增加有关。
