Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2021 Jan;201:104994. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104994. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
This study investigates the influence of moral ingroup versus outgroup behavior on 5- and 6-year-olds' and 8- and 9-year-olds' own moral behavior (N = 296). After minimal group assignment, children in Experiment 1 observed adult ingroup or outgroup members engaging in prosocial sharing or antisocial stealing before they themselves had the opportunity to privately donate stickers or take away stickers from others. Older children shared more than younger children, and prosocial models elicited higher sharing. Surprisingly, group membership had no effect. Experiment 2 investigated the same question using peer models. Children in the younger age group were significantly influenced by ingroup behavior, whereas older children were not affected by group membership. Additional measures reveal interesting insights into how moral ingroup and outgroup behavior affects intergroup attitudes, evaluations, and choices.
本研究调查了道德内群体与外群体行为对 5 至 6 岁和 8 至 9 岁儿童自身道德行为的影响（N=296）。在最小群体分配后，实验 1 中的儿童观察到成人内群体或外群体成员进行亲社会分享或反社会偷窃，然后才有机会私下向他人捐赠贴纸或拿走贴纸。年龄较大的儿童比年龄较小的儿童分享更多，亲社会的榜样会引发更高的分享。令人惊讶的是，群体成员身份没有影响。实验 2 使用同伴模型研究了相同的问题。年龄较小的儿童群体明显受到内群体行为的影响，而年龄较大的儿童不受群体成员身份的影响。其他措施揭示了有趣的见解，了解道德内群体和外群体行为如何影响群体间的态度、评价和选择。
