Gaddie Jackson W, Kennedy Emily P, Green Matt, Killen Lauren G, Linder Braxton A, Heinkel Angel A, O'Neal Eric K
Department of Kinesiology, University of North Alabama, Florence, GA, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2020 Sep 1;13(7):1120-1131. doi: 10.70252/XIQU5513. eCollection 2020.
This study examined the effect of modest increases in proximal body mass on running economy expressed as metabolic cost (MC). External loads of 1.6 (L), 2.4 (M), and 3.2 kg (H) were added to the anterior and posterior torso region of male ( = 18) and female ( = 18) runners using a double-layered compression garment with gel inserts. MC was evaluated using stoichiometry equations of data collected via indirect calorimetry. Data was collected during four, 5-min running bouts at marathon pace for the 3 load levels and an unloaded state (CON). When data from both sexes were combined, MC for CON (13.2 ± 2.7) was lower ( < 0.05) versus L (13.5 ± 2.6), M (13.6 ± 2.6), and H (13.7 ± 2.6 kcal/min), but L did not differ from CON when data was analyzed for each sex. Male runners exhibited stepped increases in MC across loads and a weak-moderate relationship ( = 0.37; < 0.01) between percentage change in absolute MC and increased percent body mass. A prediction model for MC (Δ% kcal/min = 0.98(Δ% body mass) - 0.91; SEE = ± 2.5%) was developed. For female runners, L increased MC by ~3.5% above CON, but no differentiation was found among L, M, and H, limiting the development of a prediction equation for females. Modest increases in body mass can produce detectable and potentially important levels of running economy impairment, but the relationship between changes in body mass and RE are complex, particularly in regards to sex.
本研究考察了近端体重适度增加对以代谢成本（MC）表示的跑步经济性的影响。使用带有凝胶插入物的双层压缩服装，在18名男性和18名女性跑步者的躯干前后区域添加1.6（低负荷，L）、2.4（中等负荷，M）和3.2千克（高负荷，H）的外部负荷。通过间接量热法收集的数据，利用化学计量方程评估代谢成本。在三种负荷水平和无负荷状态（对照组，CON）下，以马拉松配速进行四次5分钟的跑步试验，收集数据。当合并两性数据时，对照组的代谢成本（13.2±2.7）低于低负荷组（13.5±2.6）、中等负荷组（13.6±2.6）和高负荷组（13.7±2.6千卡/分钟）（P<0.05），但按性别分析数据时，低负荷组与对照组无差异。男性跑步者的代谢成本随负荷增加呈阶梯式上升，绝对代谢成本的百分比变化与体重增加百分比之间存在弱至中等强度的关系（r = 0.37；P<0.01）。建立了代谢成本的预测模型（Δ%千卡/分钟 = 0.98（Δ%体重） - 0.91；标准误 = ± 2.5%）。对于女性跑步者，低负荷使代谢成本比对照组增加约3.5%，但低负荷、中等负荷和高负荷之间未发现差异，限制了女性预测方程的建立。体重的适度增加会产生可检测到的、可能具有重要意义的跑步经济性损害，但体重变化与跑步经济性之间的关系很复杂，尤其是在性别方面。
