Eva Carola, Oberto Alessandra, Longo Angela, Palanza Paola, Bertocchi Ilaria
Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Parma, 43100, Parma, Italy.
Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Parma, 43100, Parma, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Dec;119:333-347. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.020. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
Brain and gonadal hormones interplay controls metabolic and behavioral functions in a sex-related manner. However, most translational neuroscience research related to animal models of endocrine and psychiatric disorders are often carried out in male animals only. The Neuropeptide Y (NPY) system shows sex-dependent differences and is sensitive to gonadal steroids. Based on published data from our and other laboratories, in this review we will discuss the sex related differences of NPY action on energy balance, bone homeostasis and behavior in rodents with the genetic manipulation of genes encoding NPY and its Y1, Y2 and Y5 cognate receptors. Comparative analyses of the phenotype of transgenic and knockout NPY and Y receptor rodents unravels sex dependent differences in the functions of this neurotransmission system, potentially helping to develop therapeutics for a variety of sex-related disorders including metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and ethanol addiction.
大脑和性腺激素相互作用以性别相关的方式控制代谢和行为功能。然而，大多数与内分泌和精神疾病动物模型相关的转化神经科学研究通常仅在雄性动物中进行。神经肽Y（NPY）系统存在性别依赖性差异，并且对性腺类固醇敏感。基于我们实验室和其他实验室已发表的数据，在本综述中，我们将讨论通过对编码NPY及其Y1、Y2和Y5同源受体的基因进行基因操作，NPY在啮齿动物能量平衡、骨稳态和行为方面作用的性别相关差异。对转基因和基因敲除的NPY及Y受体啮齿动物表型的比较分析揭示了该神经传递系统功能中的性别依赖性差异，这可能有助于开发针对包括代谢综合征、骨质疏松症和酒精成瘾在内的各种性别相关疾病的治疗方法。
