Zanella Augusto, Ponge Jean-François, Andreetta Anna, Aubert Michael, Bernier Nicolas, Bonifacio Eleonora, Bonneval Karine, Bolzonella Cristian, Chertov Oleg, Costantini Edoardo A C, De Nobili Maria, Fusaro Silvia, Giannini Raffaello, Junod Pascal, Katzensteiner Klaus, Kwiatkowsk-Malina Jolantha, Menardi Roberto, Mo Lingzi, Mohammad Safwan, Schnitzler Annik, Sofo Adriano, Tatti Dylan, Hager Herbert
Dipartimento TESAF, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7179, 4 avenue du Petit Château, 91800 Brunoy, France.
J Mt Sci. 2020;17(10):2459-2484. doi: 10.1007/s11629-019-5890-0. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
At the end of October 2018, a storm of unprecedented strength severely damaged the forests of the eastern sector of the Italian Alps. The affected forest area covers 42,500 ha. The president of one of the damaged regions asked for help from the University of Padua. After eight months of discussion, the authors of this article wrote a consensus text. The sometimes asper debate brought to light some crucial aspects: 1) even experienced specialists may have various opinions based on scientific knowledge that lead to conflicting proposals for action. For some of them there is evidence that to restore a destroyed natural environment it is more judicious to do nothing; 2) the soil corresponds to a living structure and every ecosystem's management should be based on it; 3) faced with a catastrophe, people and politicians find themselves unarmed, also because they rarely have the scientific background to understand natural processes. Yet politicians are the only persons who make the key decisions that drive the economy in play and therefore determine the near future of our planet. This article is an attempt to respond directly to a governor with a degree in animal production science, who formally and prudently asked a university department called "Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry" for help before taking decisions; 4) the authors also propose an artistic interpretation of facts (uncontrolled storm) and conclusions (listen to the soil). Briefly, the authors identify the soil as an indispensable source for the renewal of the destroyed forest, give indications on how to prepare a map of the soils of the damaged region, and suggest to anchor on this soil map a series of silvicultural and soil management actions that will promote the soil conservation and the faster recovery of the natural dynamic stability and resilience.
Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s11629-019-5890-0 and is accessible for authorized users.
2018年10月底,一场史无前例的强烈风暴严重破坏了意大利阿尔卑斯山东部的森林。受影响的森林面积达42,500公顷。其中一个受灾地区的省长向帕多瓦大学求助。经过八个月的讨论,本文作者撰写了一份共识文本。这场有时激烈的辩论揭示了一些关键问题:1)即使是经验丰富的专家,基于科学知识也可能有不同意见,从而导致相互冲突的行动建议。对他们中的一些人来说,有证据表明,对于恢复被破坏的自然环境,什么都不做可能更明智;2)土壤是一种有生命的结构,每个生态系统的管理都应基于此;3)面对灾难,民众和政治家会发现自己毫无准备,这也是因为他们很少具备理解自然过程的科学背景。然而,政治家是做出推动经济运转的关键决策的唯一人群,因此决定着我们星球的近期未来。本文试图直接回应一位拥有动物生产科学学位的省长,他在做出决策前正式且谨慎地向一个名为“土地、环境、农业和林业”的大学部门寻求帮助;4)作者还对事件(失控的风暴)和结论(倾听土壤)提出了一种艺术解读。简而言之,作者将土壤视为被破坏森林更新的不可或缺的来源,给出了如何绘制受灾地区土壤图的指示,并建议在这张土壤图的基础上开展一系列造林和土壤管理行动,以促进土壤保护以及自然动态稳定性和恢复力的更快恢复。
本文的补充材料可在10.1007/s11629-019-5890-0获取,授权用户可访问。