Marinho Anna Carolina Ferreira, Medeiros Adriane Mesquita de, Pantuza Júlia Janssen, Teixeira Letícia Caldas
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Codas. 2020 Oct 12;32(5):e20190097. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20202019097. eCollection 2020.
To determine the prevalence of shyness in university students and to analyze among the sociodemographic and public communication factors, those that are most related to their presence.
A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out with 1124 university students aged between 17 and 63 years old. It was used a questionnaire with questions related to sociodemographic characteristics; frequency of participation in public speaking activities; self-report of fear of speaking; self-perception of non-verbal aspects of oral communication: tone of voice, speed of speech, voice intensity, vocal projection, eye contact with the audience during the speech, use hands in public presentations; self-assessment of public speaking (Scale for Self-Assessment in Public Speaking) and self-perception of shyness (Revised Shyness Scale). The analysis of factors associated with shyness and with the other variables was performed by Pearson's chi-square test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The level of significance adopted was 5%.
The majority of the university population self-reported traces of shyness and fear of speaking in public. There was an association of shyness with the age of 17 to 30 years, fear of speaking in public, little participation in public speaking activities, negative self-perception of speech and with non-verbal communication aspects.
Shyness is prevalent in young university students, who participate in few public speaking activities, who are afraid to speak in public, self-report speaking at low intensity and who are unable to use their hands naturally during public presentations.
确定大学生中害羞的患病率，并在社会人口统计学和公共交流因素中分析与害羞存在最相关的因素。
对1124名年龄在17至63岁之间的大学生进行了一项横断面分析研究。使用了一份问卷，其中包含与社会人口统计学特征相关的问题；参与公开演讲活动的频率；对演讲恐惧的自我报告；对口头交流非语言方面的自我认知：语调、语速、声音强度、声音传播、演讲时与观众的眼神交流、在公开演讲中使用手势；公开演讲的自我评估（公开演讲自我评估量表）以及害羞的自我认知（修订后的害羞量表）。通过Pearson卡方检验以及单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析与害羞以及其他变量相关的因素。采用的显著性水平为5%。
大多数大学生自我报告有害羞的迹象以及害怕在公共场合演讲。害羞与17至30岁的年龄、害怕在公共场合演讲、很少参与公开演讲活动、对演讲的负面自我认知以及非语言交流方面有关。
害羞在年轻大学生中很普遍，这些学生很少参与公开演讲活动，害怕在公共场合演讲，自我报告演讲强度较低，并且在公开演讲时无法自然地使用双手。
