Fujii Yosuke, Hirota Kiichi
Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Oct 12;56(10):530. doi: 10.3390/medicina56100530.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is overwhelming Japan's intensive care capacity. This study aimed to determine the number of patients with COVID-19 who required intensive care and to compare the numbers with Japan's intensive care capacity. Publicly available datasets were used to obtain the number of confirmed patients with COVID-19 undergoing mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) between 15 February and 19 July 2020 to determine and compare intensive care unit (ICU) and attending bed needs for patients with COVID-19, and to estimate peak ICU demands in Japan. During the epidemic peak in late April, 11,443 patients (1.03/10,000 adults) had been infected, 373 patients (0.034/10,000 adults) were in ICU, 312 patients (0.028/10,000 adults) were receiving mechanical ventilation, and 62 patients (0.0056/10,000 adults) were under ECMO per day. At the peak of the epidemic, the number of infected patients was 651% of designated beds, and the number of patients requiring intensive care was 6.0% of ICU beds, 19.1% of board-certified intensivists, and 106% of designated medical institutions in Japan. The number of critically ill patients with COVID-19 continued to rise during the pandemic, exceeding the number of designated beds but not exceeding ICU capacity.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行正使日本的重症监护能力不堪重负。本研究旨在确定需要重症监护的COVID-19患者数量，并将这些数字与日本的重症监护能力进行比较。利用公开可用的数据集获取2020年2月15日至7月19日期间接受机械通气和体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）的COVID-19确诊患者数量，以确定和比较COVID-19患者的重症监护病房（ICU）需求及床位需求，并估计日本ICU需求高峰。在4月下旬的疫情高峰期，每天有11443名患者（每10000名成年人中有1.03名）被感染，373名患者（每10000名成年人中有0.034名）在ICU，312名患者（每10000名成年人中有0.028名）接受机械通气，62名患者（每10000名成年人中有0.0056名）接受ECMO治疗。在疫情高峰期，感染患者数量是指定床位的651%，需要重症监护的患者数量是ICU床位的6.0%、日本有资质的重症医学专家的19.1%、指定医疗机构的106%。在大流行期间，COVID-19重症患者数量持续上升，超过了指定床位数量，但未超过ICU容量。
