Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
JCI Insight. 2020 Oct 15;5(20):142067. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.142067.
The skin serves as the primary interface between our body and the external environment and acts as a barrier against entry of physical agents, chemicals, and microbes. Keratinocytes make up the main cellular constitute of the outermost layer of the skin, contributing to the formation of the epidermis, and they are crucial for maintaining the integrity of this barrier. Beyond serving as a physical barrier component, keratinocytes actively participate in maintaining tissue homeostasis, shaping, amplifying, and regulating immune responses in skin. Keratinocytes act as sentinels, continuously monitoring changes in the environment, and, through microbial sensing, stretch, or other physical stimuli, can initiate a broad range of inflammatory responses via secretion of various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. This diverse function of keratinocytes contributes to the highly variable clinical manifestation of skin immune responses. In this Review, we highlight the highly diverse functions of epidermal keratinocytes and their contribution to various immune-mediated skin diseases.
皮肤是人体与外部环境之间的主要界面，起到抵御物理因子、化学物质和微生物入侵的屏障作用。角朊细胞是皮肤最外层的主要细胞组成部分，有助于表皮的形成，对于维持这一屏障的完整性至关重要。角朊细胞不仅作为物理屏障的组成部分，还积极参与维持组织内环境稳定，在皮肤中塑造、放大和调节免疫反应。角朊细胞作为哨兵，不断监测环境变化，通过微生物感应、拉伸或其他物理刺激，可以通过分泌各种细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子来引发广泛的炎症反应。角朊细胞的这种多样化功能导致了皮肤免疫反应的临床表现高度可变。在这篇综述中，我们强调了表皮角朊细胞的高度多样化功能及其对各种免疫介导的皮肤疾病的贡献。
