División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"-CONICET, Ángel Gallardo 470, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Laboratório de Anfíbios, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, Sala 137, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, Brazil.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2021 Feb;155:106981. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106981. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
In this paper we present a phylogenetic analysis of the treefrogs of the Boana pulchella Group with the goals of (1) providing a rigorous test of its monophyly; (2) providing a test of relationships supported in previous studies; and (3) exploring the relationships of the several species not included in previous analyses. The analyses included>300 specimens of 37 of the 38 species currently included in the group, plus 36 outgroups, exemplars of the diversity of Boana and the other genera of the hylid tribe Cophomantini. The dataset included eight mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, CytB, COI, ND1, tRNA, tRNA, and tRNA) and five nuclear genes (RHO, TYR, RAG-1, CXCR4, SIAH1). The phylogenetic analyses recover the monophyly of the B. pulchella Group with lower support than previous studies, as a result of the inclusion of the B. claresignata Group, which is recovered as its sister taxon. Within the B. pulchella Group, the inclusion of almost all species of the group had little impact on previous notions of its phylogeny, except for the rejection of the hypothesized B. polytaenia Clade (B. goiana and B. phaeopleura are nested in the clade here called the B. prasina Clade), which is redefined. Phylogenetic support is strong for five major clades, which collectively include all but three of the species sampled: the B. balzani Clade (B. aguilari, B. balzani, B. gladiator, B. melanopleura, B. palaestes), the redefined B. polytaenia Clade (B. botumirim, B. buriti, B. cipoensis, B. jaguariaivensis, B. leptolineata, B. polytaenia, B. stenocephala, and two undescribed species), the B. prasina Clade (B. bischoffi, B. caingua, B. cordobae, B. goiana, B. guentheri, B. marginata, B. phaeopleura, B. prasina, B. pulchella, and one undescribed species), the B. riojana Clade (B. callipleura, B. marianitae, B. riojana), and the B. semiguttata Clade (B. caipora, B. curupi, B. joaquini, B. poaju, B. semiguttata, B. stellae, and two undescribed species). The monophyly of the B. prasina + B. riojana Clades, and that of the B. polytaenia + B. semiguttata Clades are well-supported. The relationships among these two clades, the B. balzani Clade, B. ericae + B. freicanecae, and B. cambui (representing the deepest phylogenetic splits within the B. pulchella Group) are recovered with weak support. We discuss the phenotypic evidence supporting the monophyly of the B. pulchella Group, and the taxonomy of several species, identifying three new synonyms of Boana polytaenia, one new synonym of Boana goiana, and one new synonym of B. riojana.
在本文中，我们对 Boana pulchella 组的树蛙进行了系统发育分析，旨在：(1) 严格检验其单系性；(2) 检验先前研究支持的关系；(3) 探索以前分析中未包括的几个物种的关系。分析包括 38 种树蛙中的 37 种的>300 个标本，外加 36 个外群，代表了 Boana 和其他 hylid 部落 Cophomantini 属的多样性。数据集包括 8 个线粒体基因（12S、16S、CytB、COI、ND1、tRNA、tRNA 和 tRNA）和 5 个核基因（RHO、TYR、RAG-1、CXCR4、SIAH1）。系统发育分析结果表明，B. pulchella 组的单系性得到了较低的支持，这是由于包括了 B. claresignata 组，该组被恢复为其姐妹分类群。在 B. pulchella 组内，几乎所有组内物种的纳入对其系统发育的先前概念几乎没有影响，除了假设的 B. polytaenia 进化枝（B. goiana 和 B. phaeopleura 嵌套在称为 B. prasina 进化枝的分支中）被拒绝，该进化枝被重新定义。五个主要分支的系统发育支持非常强，它们共同包括了除三个被采样的物种之外的所有物种：B. balzani 进化枝（B. aguilari、B. balzani、B. gladiator、B. melanopleura、B. palaestes）、重新定义的 B. polytaenia 进化枝（B. botumirim、B. buriti、B. cipoensis、B. jaguariaivensis、B. leptolineata、B. polytaenia、B. stenocephala 和两个未描述的物种）、B. prasina 进化枝（B. bischoffi、B. caingua、B. cordobae、B. goiana、B. guentheri、B. marginata、B. phaeopleura、B. prasina、B. pulchella 和一个未描述的物种）、B. riojana 进化枝（B. callipleura、B. marianitae、B. riojana）和 B. semiguttata 进化枝（B. caipora、B. curupi、B. joaquini、B. poaju、B. semiguttata、B. stellae 和两个未描述的物种）。B. prasina+B. riojana 进化枝和 B. polytaenia+B. semiguttata 进化枝的单系性得到了很好的支持。这两个进化枝、B. balzani 进化枝、B. ericae+B. freicanecae 和 B. cambui（代表 B. pulchella 组内最深的系统发育分裂）之间的关系得到了弱支持。我们讨论了支持 Boana pulchella 组单系性的表型证据，以及几个物种的分类学，确定了 Boana polytaenia 的三个新同义词、Boana goiana 的一个新同义词和 B. riojana 的一个新同义词。
