Department of Health Sciences, Occupational Therapy and Occupational Science, Lund University, Box 157, SE 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 15;20(1):508. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02896-3.
People with severe mental illness (SMI) living in supported housing (SH) struggle in everyday life and we currently lack a comprehensive body of knowledge concerning how the residents experience their day. This paper aimed to gain knowledge about how people with SMI describe a day in SH in Sweden, in particular the activities they most frequently engage in and how they experience what they do in or outside their home. Furthermore, it is important to gain knowledge of which activities motivate residents to leave the housing facility and to participate in the community. This new knowledge can help staff to encourage a recovery process among the residents.
One hundred thirty-three people living in SH completed a time-use diary and a mixed-methods approach was applied, including calculations of what activity that was most frequently performed and a manifest content analysis addressing experiences of activity.
The residents had a low activity level and were often alone. Approximately one-half of the reported activities were performed in their own apartments, and generally unaccompanied. A quarter of the activities were performed in the common areas and a further quarter outside the SH. The most frequently performed activities were quiet and tranquil ones, e.g. listening to music and resting. Doing errands and group activities with staff and residents were the main activities that motivated leaving the facility. The participant experience of a day is presented in three categories: "Experiences of chosen and enforced togetherness and overcoming loneliness", "Environmental change and emotional balance can generate activity", and "Met and unmet needs for support, friendship and security".
The residents were generally satisfied with their quiet and tranquil lifestyle and appeared to demand little of life, which may relate to previous experiences of institutional life and can constitute a challenge for staff. The findings highlight experiences that can help to improve SH. Services need to support individually adjusted contextual stimuli and individualize the support to help residents find a good balance and motivate them to be active in and outside SH, which can support a recovery process.
居住在支持性住房（SH）中的严重精神疾病（SMI）患者在日常生活中挣扎，我们目前缺乏关于居民如何体验日常生活的全面知识。本文旨在了解瑞典的 SMI 居民如何描述他们在 SH 中的一天，特别是他们最常从事的活动以及他们如何体验家庭内外的活动。此外，了解哪些活动促使居民离开住房设施并参与社区活动非常重要。这种新知识可以帮助工作人员鼓励居民恢复健康。
133 名居住在 SH 的人完成了时间使用日记，采用了混合方法，包括计算最常进行的活动以及针对活动体验的显在内容分析。
居民的活动水平较低，经常独处。报告的活动中约有一半是在自己的公寓内进行的，通常是独自一人。四分之一的活动是在公共区域进行的，还有四分之一是在 SH 之外进行的。最常进行的活动是安静和宁静的活动，例如听音乐和休息。办事和与工作人员和居民一起进行小组活动是促使离开设施的主要活动。一天的经历被呈现为三个类别：“选择和被迫的团结以及克服孤独的经历”、“环境变化和情绪平衡可以产生活动”以及“满足和未满足的支持、友谊和安全需求”。
居民对他们安静而宁静的生活方式普遍感到满意，似乎对生活的要求不高，这可能与以前的机构生活经历有关，也可能对工作人员构成挑战。研究结果强调了有助于改善 SH 的经验。服务需要支持个性化的环境刺激，并个性化支持，以帮助居民找到良好的平衡并激励他们在 SH 内外积极参与，这可以支持康复过程。
