Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Dept of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin and Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Eur Respir Rev. 2020 Oct 15;29(157). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0165-2020. Print 2020 Sep 30.
Mitochondrial biology has seen a surge in popularity in the past 5 years, with the emergence of numerous new avenues of exciting mitochondria-related research including immunometabolism, mitochondrial transplantation and mitochondria-microbe biology. Since the early 1960s mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in cells of the lung in individuals and in experimental models of chronic and acute respiratory diseases. However, it is only in the past decade with the emergence of more sophisticated tools and methodologies that we are beginning to understand how this enigmatic organelle regulates cellular homeostasis and contributes to disease processes in the lung. In this review, we highlight the diverse role of mitochondria in individual lung cell populations and what happens when these essential organelles become dysfunctional with ageing and in acute and chronic lung disease. Although much remains to be uncovered, we also discuss potential targeted therapeutics for mitochondrial dysfunction in the ageing and diseased lung.
线粒体生物学在过去 5 年中变得非常热门，出现了许多新的令人兴奋的线粒体相关研究途径，包括免疫代谢、线粒体移植和线粒体-微生物生物学。自 20 世纪 60 年代初以来，人们在慢性和急性呼吸道疾病的个体细胞和实验模型中观察到肺细胞中线粒体功能障碍。然而，直到过去十年，随着更复杂的工具和方法的出现，我们才开始了解这个神秘的细胞器如何调节细胞内稳态，并促进肺部疾病的发生。在这篇综述中，我们强调了线粒体在单个肺细胞群体中的多种作用，以及当这些重要的细胞器随着年龄的增长以及在急性和慢性肺部疾病中出现功能障碍时会发生什么。尽管还有很多需要揭示，但我们也讨论了针对衰老和患病肺部中线粒体功能障碍的潜在靶向治疗方法。
