Johnsen Marc, Lehmann Mareike
Altersmedizinisches Zentrum Köln, Cellitinnen-Krankenhaus St. Marien, Köln, Deutschland.
Institut für Lungenforschung, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL), Marburg, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2025 Mar;58(2):85-90. doi: 10.1007/s00391-024-02401-5. Epub 2025 Jan 20.
Due to age-related changes the lung function decreases. At the same time there is an increase in pulmonary diseases that lead to restrictions in mobility and autonomy.
What are the underlying changes in lung ageing? To what extent do they affect lung function and are there factors that can be influenced?
Literature search.
Ageing of the lungs is associated with a loss of elasticity and distensibility. Senescence-associated factors play an important role at the molecular level. Accumulation of damaged DNA and proteins, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are major factors. Avoidance of harmful environmental factors can reduce the disease burden.
Age-related pathophysiological changes lead to increased work of breathing with decreasing muscle strength. Patients should be encouraged to avoid inhaling noxious agents as these are associated with a diminution of lung function loss even in older age.
由于与年龄相关的变化，肺功能会下降。与此同时，肺部疾病增多，导致活动能力和自主性受限。
肺衰老的潜在变化有哪些？它们在多大程度上影响肺功能，是否存在可以被影响的因素？
文献检索。
肺衰老与弹性和扩张性丧失有关。衰老相关因素在分子水平上起重要作用。受损DNA和蛋白质的积累、氧化应激和慢性炎症是主要因素。避免有害环境因素可减轻疾病负担。
与年龄相关的病理生理变化导致呼吸功增加而肌肉力量下降。应鼓励患者避免吸入有害制剂，因为即使在老年，这些制剂也与肺功能丧失的减少有关。
