Roberts Marilyn C, Joshi Prabhu Raj, Monecke Stefan, Ehricht Ralf, Müller Elke, Gawlik Darius, Diezel Celia, Braun Sascha D, Paudel Saroj, Acharya Mahesh, Khanal Laxman, Koju Narayan P, Chalise Mukesh, Kyes Randall C
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Nepalese Farming Institute, Maitidevi, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Oct 13;9(10):689. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9100689.
is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. There are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of in wild monkeys and apes. carriage in rhesus macaques () and Assam macaques () is a species that has not previously been sampled and lives in remote environments with limited human contact. Forty isolates including 33 methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and seven methicillin-resistant (MRSA) were characterized. Thirty-four isolates were from rhesus macaques and six isolates (five MSSA, one MRSA) were from Assam macaques. Isolates were characterized using StaphyType DNA microarrays. Five of the MRSA including one from Assam macaque were CC22 MRSA-IV (PVL+/+), which is a strain previously identified in Nepalese rhesus. One MRSA each were CC6 MRSA-IV and CC772 MRSA-V (PVL+). One MSSA each belonged to CC15, CC96, and CC2990. Six MRSA isolates carried the , while ten known CC isolates (seven MRSA, three MSSA) carried a variety of genes including , (C), (C), , , and/or genes. The other 30 MSSA isolates belonged to 17 novel clonal complexes, carried no antibiotic resistance genes, lacked Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), and most examined exotoxin genes. Four clonal complexes carried enterotoxin genes, and four harbored , which is an exfoliative toxin homologue.
是人类和动物中普遍存在的病原体和定植菌。关于野生猴子和猿类的分子流行病学研究很少。恒河猴（）和阿萨姆猕猴（）中的携带情况是一个以前未进行采样的物种，生活在与人类接触有限的偏远环境中。对40株分离株进行了特征分析，其中包括33株甲氧西林敏感（MSSA）和7株耐甲氧西林（MRSA）。34株分离株来自恒河猴，6株分离株（5株MSSA，1株MRSA）来自阿萨姆猕猴。使用StaphyType DNA微阵列对分离株进行特征分析。其中5株MRSA，包括1株来自阿萨姆猕猴的，是CC22 MRSA-IV（PVL+/+），这是一种先前在尼泊尔恒河猴中鉴定出的菌株。各有1株MRSA分别为CC6 MRSA-IV和CC772 MRSA-V（PVL+）。各有1株MSSA分别属于CC15、CC96和CC2990。6株MRSA分离株携带，而10株已知CC分离株（7株MRSA，3株MSSA）携带多种基因，包括、（C）、（C）、、、和/或基因。其他30株MSSA分离株属于17个新的克隆复合体，不携带抗生素耐药基因，缺乏杀白细胞素（PVL）以及大多数检测的外毒素基因。4个克隆复合体携带肠毒素基因，4个含有，这是一种剥脱性毒素同源物。
