Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
NARIC Agricultural Biotechnological Institute, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Oct 14;11(10):1194. doi: 10.3390/genes11101194.
In the Carpathian Basin the wild boar () belongs among the most important game species both ecologically and economically, therefore knowing more about the basics of the genetics of the species is a key factor for accurate and sustainable management of its population. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity and to elucidate the genetic structure and location of wild boar populations in the Carpathian Basin. A total of 486 samples were collected and genotyped using 13 STR markers. The number of alleles varied between 4 and 14, at 9 of the 13 loci the observed heterozygosity was significantly different ( < 0.05) from the expected value, showing remarkable introgression in the population. The population was separated into two groups, with an F value of 0.03, suggesting the presence of two subpopulations. The first group included 147 individuals from the north-eastern part of Hungary, whereas the second group included 339 samples collected west and south of the first group. The two subpopulations' genetic indices are roughly similar. The lack of physical barriers between the two groups indicates that the genetic difference is most likely caused by the high reproduction rate and large home range of the wild boars, or by some genetic traces' having been preserved from both the last ice age and the period before the Hungarian water regulation.
在喀尔巴阡盆地，野猪（）在生态和经济方面都是最重要的狩猎物种之一，因此，更多地了解该物种的遗传学基础知识是准确和可持续管理其种群的关键因素。本研究的目的是评估遗传多样性，并阐明喀尔巴阡盆地野猪种群的遗传结构和位置。共采集了 486 个样本，并使用 13 个 STR 标记进行了基因分型。在 13 个位点中的 9 个位点，观察到的杂合度与预期值显著不同（<0.05），表明种群中存在明显的基因渗入。该种群分为两组，F 值为 0.03，表明存在两个亚群。第一组包括来自匈牙利东北部的 147 个个体，而第二组包括在第一组以西和以南采集的 339 个样本。这两个亚群的遗传指数大致相似。两组之间没有物理障碍，这表明遗传差异很可能是由于野猪的高繁殖率和大的家域范围造成的，或者是由于来自最后一个冰河时代和匈牙利水管理之前的某些遗传痕迹被保留下来造成的。
