Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Waghodia, Gujarat, 380058, India.
Department of Biological Sciences, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charusat University, Changa, Gujarat, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Feb;28(7):8758-8769. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11152-w. Epub 2020 Oct 17.
The aim of current research was to explore different fungi as plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF). Strains of Trichoderma are well explored till now. But there are few other fungal strains that are better than Trichoderma strains. The study involves the isolation of different fungi from the rhizosphere of various agriculture farms. After isolation, 18S rRNA identification was carried out. Isolated fungi belonged to genus Penicillium, Talaromyces, Trichoderma, and Aspergillus. Isolate M13 belonging to genus Talaromyces was screened for its plant growth promoting (PGP) activity as it is a novel strain and still to be explored. Isolate M13 was identified as Talaromyces pinophilus (MG011365). Indole acetic acid (IAA) estimation was carried out using Salkowski reagent. Isolate was allowed to grow in cultivation media (Potato Dextrose Broth, PDB) in which one was supplemented with tryptophan (TRP) and one was without TRP. Phosphate solubilization was assessed using Pikovskaya's media and latter estimated using stannous chloride method, showing decent solubilization of phosphate. Siderophore production was assessed using CAS assay that indicated decent extent of siderophore production. Further for biocontrol, enzymatic assay for β-glucanase and chitinase was carried out. For β-glucanase enzyme production 1% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and for chitinase enzyme production 10% v/v colloidal chitin (as a sole carbon source) supplemented in solid minimal-medium-9 (MM9) were used. Antagonism effect of isolate M13 was carried out against Aspergillus niger by dual cultural method. As the strain M13 showed several PGP traits, liquid bioformulation was prepared to perform seed germination assay and pot trials on chickpea, followed by field trial on banana plant. All the experimental data of biochemical assessment with pot and field trials suggest T. pinophilus M13 as a novel fungus that can be used as biointensifier.
本研究旨在探索不同真菌作为植物促生真菌（PGPF）的作用。目前对木霉属真菌的研究较为深入。但也有一些其他真菌菌株比木霉属菌株更好。本研究从不同农业农场的根际土壤中分离不同真菌。分离后，进行 18S rRNA 鉴定。分离出的真菌属于青霉属、拟青霉属、木霉属和曲霉属。由于属于塔宾曲霉属的 M13 菌株是一种新型菌株，仍有待进一步探索，因此筛选其具有植物促生（PGP）活性。M13 菌株被鉴定为塔宾曲霉（MG011365）。采用 Salkowski 试剂测定吲哚乙酸（IAA）的含量。在马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤（PDB）培养基中培养分离物，其中一种培养基中添加色氨酸（TRP），另一种则不添加 TRP。采用 Pikovskaya 培养基评估磷酸盐的溶解情况，然后采用氯化亚锡法进行测量，结果表明磷酸盐有较好的溶解效果。采用 CAS 测定法评估铁载体的产生情况，结果表明铁载体的产生量较大。进一步进行生物防治，采用β-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶的酶测定法。β-葡聚糖酶的产生采用 1%羧甲基纤维素（CMC），几丁质酶的产生采用 10%v/v胶体几丁质（作为唯一碳源）添加到固体最小培养基-9（MM9）中。采用双层培养法对 M13 分离物与黑曲霉的拮抗作用进行了研究。由于 M13 菌株表现出多种 PGP 特性，因此制备了液体生物制剂，用于进行鹰嘴豆种子发芽试验和盆栽试验，随后在香蕉植株上进行田间试验。所有盆栽和田间试验的生物化学评估实验数据均表明，塔宾曲霉 M13 可作为一种新型真菌，用作生物强化剂。
