National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
Environ Res. 2021 Jan;192:110325. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110325. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
Work in greenhouses entails exposure to airborne fungi and bacteria. The aims of this study are to obtain knowledge about whether exposure to fungal and bacterial genera and species during work in a cucumber greenhouse is affected by work tasks, and whether a cohort of greenhouse workers' serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP), biomarkers of systemic inflammation, are associated with this. Data on personal exposure to airborne fungal and bacterial species measured over 4 years as well as serum levels of SAA and CRP sampled over two years were analyzed. For data analysis, the main work tasks were grouped into three different groups, called 'grouped work task'. Microorganisms were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF MS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The 'daily exposure' of greenhouse workers' were as follows: 4.8 × 10 CFU bacteria/m, 1.4 × 10 CFU fungi/m, and 392 EU/m of endotoxin. Workers were exposed to many different microbial species including several species within the genera Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces. The genera Ralstonia and Cladosporium were found in most samples. The exposure levels as well as the microbial composition were associated significantly with grouped work task and season with high exposures during tasks in close contact with mature and old plants and in the autumn. CRP and SAA levels were also associated with exposure level and grouped work tasks. The Shannon-Wiener indices were not different in the 3 'grouped work tasks'. Several specific species including e.g. Halomonas elongata, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Podosphaera fusca, and Wallemia spp. were found frequently or in high concentrations in the exposures associated with the highest levels of CRP and SAA. The microorganisms S. maltophilia, P. fusca, and Wallemia spp. were also found on the cucumber plant leaves. In conclusion, both exposure level and the species composition seem to have an effect on the serum levels of CRP and SAA of exposed workers. The greenhouse workers were exposed to only a few species characterized as human pathogens.
在温室中工作会接触到空气中的真菌和细菌。本研究旨在了解在黄瓜温室中工作时，接触真菌和细菌属和种的情况是否受到工作任务的影响，以及温室工人的血清淀粉样蛋白 A（SAA）和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）血清水平是否与此相关。对 4 年期间空气中真菌和细菌种个人暴露情况的数据以及 2 年期间的 SAA 和 CRP 血清水平进行了分析。为了数据分析，将主要工作任务分为三组，称为“分组工作任务”。使用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间（MALDI-TOF MS）和下一代测序（NGS）来鉴定微生物。温室工人的“日常暴露”为：细菌 4.8×10 CFU/m，真菌 1.4×10 CFU/m，内毒素 392 EU/m。工人接触到许多不同的微生物种类，包括不动杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、微杆菌属、假单胞菌属、葡萄球菌属和链霉菌属中的几个种。在大多数样本中发现了罗尔斯顿氏菌属和枝孢属。暴露水平以及微生物组成与分组工作任务和季节密切相关，在与成熟和老植物以及秋季接触的任务中暴露水平较高。CRP 和 SAA 水平也与暴露水平和分组工作任务相关。3 个“分组工作任务”的 Shannon-Wiener 指数没有差异。在与 CRP 和 SAA 水平最高相关的暴露中，发现了几种特定的物种，包括伸长盐单胞菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌、拟盘多毛孢菌和帚霉属等，它们经常出现或浓度较高。在黄瓜叶片上也发现了 S. maltophilia、P. fusca 和 Wallemia spp. 等微生物。总之，暴露水平和物种组成似乎都会对暴露工人的 CRP 和 SAA 血清水平产生影响。温室工人仅接触到少数被认为是人类病原体的物种。
