Private Practice, Los Angeles, CA.
Sex Med Rev. 2021 Apr;9(2):194-211. doi: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.07.007. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
Female orgasmic disorder (FOD) is defined as the absence, delay, infrequency, or marked diminishment in intensity of orgasm in at least 75% of sexual experiences, persisting for at least 6 months and causing distress, has specified subtypes, and affects up to 28% of women in the United States and up to 46% in countries across Asia. Orgasmic difficulties are relatively common and create distress for a substantial number of women, though efficacious treatments exist.
This article provides a review of psychological treatment of FOD.
A literature search was conducted using PsycINFO to identify research reporting methods and outcomes of psychological treatment of FOD in peer-reviewed journals and textbooks. Search terms were female orgasmic disorder, anorgasmia, female sexual dysfunction, and orgasm. This search was supplemented with hand-searching references of review articles and journal articles.
Psychological treatment has been shown to be effective in helping women with FOD to gain or regain the ability to have orgasms, with higher success rates overall of treating lifelong or generalized vs acquired or situational FOD. Of the variety of treatment approaches that have been tested, the most consistent support emerges for directed masturbation, sensate focus, and psychotherapy. Approaches with little evidence for efficacy as a primary mode of treatment include systematic desensitization, bibliotherapy, and coital alignment technique training.
While existing research provides a solid foundation of knowledge, treatment of FOD has seen little innovation since the 1980s. Future research should aim for broader understanding of etiologies of all types of FOD, understanding reasons for lack of treatment success for women who have not improved with treatment, and identifying ways of tailoring FOD treatment and success rates for multicultural and community populations. Erica Marchand. Psychological and Behavioral Treatment of Female Orgasmic Disorder. Sex Med Rev 2021;9:194-211.
女性性高潮障碍（FOD）定义为至少 75%的性体验中缺乏、延迟、不频繁或明显减弱性高潮，持续至少 6 个月，并导致痛苦，有特定亚型，影响美国高达 28%的女性和亚洲国家高达 46%的女性。性高潮困难相对常见，并给相当数量的女性带来困扰，尽管存在有效的治疗方法。
本文综述了 FOD 的心理治疗。
使用 PsycINFO 进行文献检索，以确定同行评议期刊和教科书中报告 FOD 心理治疗方法和结果的研究。检索词为女性性高潮障碍、性高潮缺失、女性性功能障碍和性高潮。本研究还补充了对综述文章和期刊文章参考文献的手工检索。
心理治疗已被证明对帮助 FOD 女性获得或重新获得性高潮的能力有效，总体而言，治疗终身或广泛性 FOD 比治疗获得性或情境性 FOD 的成功率更高。在已测试的各种治疗方法中，最一致的支持来自于有指导的自慰、感觉聚焦和心理治疗。作为主要治疗模式疗效证据有限的方法包括系统脱敏、阅读疗法和性体位调整技术训练。
尽管现有研究提供了坚实的知识基础，但自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，FOD 的治疗几乎没有创新。未来的研究应旨在更广泛地了解所有类型 FOD 的病因，了解为什么有些女性对治疗没有改善，以及确定如何为多文化和社区人群调整 FOD 治疗和成功率。Erica Marchand. 女性性高潮障碍的心理和行为治疗。性医学评论 2021;9:194-211.
