Cardiovascular Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan.
Sleep Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2020 Sep 30;21(3):353-363. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.03.67.
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are susceptible to developing atherosclerosis. Consequently, such patients are at a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, leading to poor prognosis. Many physiological parameters have been previously used to predict the development of atherosclerosis. One such parameter, the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a measure of arterial stiffness, has garnered much attention as it can also predict the degree of atherosclerosis. The CAVI can be calculated based on noninvasive measurements, and is less susceptible to blood pressure variations at the time of measurement. Therefore, the CAVI can assess changes in arterial stiffness and the risk of developing atherosclerosis independent of blood pressure changes. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a standard therapy for OSA and can suppress the issue significantly. Several studies have shown that CPAP treatment for OSA could also reduce the CAVI. In this review, we discuss the relationship between OSA and arterial stiffness, primarily focusing on the CAVI. Furthermore, we propose future perspectives for the CAVI and OSA.
患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的患者易发生动脉粥样硬化。因此，此类患者发生心血管疾病的风险很高，预后较差。许多生理参数以前曾用于预测动脉粥样硬化的发展。其中一个参数，即心血管踝血管指数（CAVI），是衡量动脉僵硬的指标，由于它还可以预测动脉粥样硬化的程度，因此备受关注。CAVI 可基于无创测量值进行计算，并且在测量时对血压变化的敏感性较低。因此，CAVI 可以评估动脉僵硬的变化和发生动脉粥样硬化的风险，而不受血压变化的影响。持续气道正压通气（CPAP）是 OSA 的标准治疗方法，可以显著抑制该问题。多项研究表明，CPAP 治疗 OSA 还可以降低 CAVI。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 OSA 和动脉僵硬之间的关系，主要关注 CAVI。此外，我们提出了未来 CAVI 和 OSA 的展望。
