Gao Yang, Ping Zhiguang, Pei Xiaoting, Cai Yaning, Wang Junyi
School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2020 Sep;49(5):844-849. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.05.026.
To study the status of chronic disease multimorbidity of middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in China, and to analyze the influencing factors.
Using the data of the"China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)", this survey has been carried out in 10 rounds nationwide since 1989. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to investigate rural and urban areas in 9 provinces and cities in China. In this study, the general socio-demographic characteristics, disease history, living habits and other information in the 2009 database were used to analyze the subjects who were collected blood samples. The prevalence of 8 common chronic diseases and multimorbidity such as hypertension, mixed-hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia were described respectively. The Venn diagram in the R software package was used to calculate the multimorbidity of the disease. The χ~2 test and multiple correspondence analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of chronic disease multimorbidity in the middle-aged and elderly people in China.
Among the 5316 subjects, the highest prevalence among 8 chronic diseases was hypertension(2143, 40. 3%). The lowest prevalence was myocardial infarction(87, 1. 4%). There were all together 1498 patients who had two kinds or more than two kinds of chronic diseases with a detection rate of 28. 18%. The most common multimorbidity were hypertension+hyperuricemia(199, 13. 30%), followed by hypertension + mixed-hyperlipidemia(191, 12. 77%). Hypertension+hyperuricemia+mixed-hyperlipidemia was the most common combination of the three chronic diseases(103, 6. 89%). Age(Kendull=0. 158, P<0. 001), region(χ2=30. 129, P<0. 001), BMI(Kendull=0. 344, P<0. 001) and marital status(χ2=21. 923, P<0. 001) were associated with the number of multimorbidities. Correspondence analysis showed that subjects aged 65 to 74, living in cities and sleeping less than 7 hours were more likely to have multimorbidity.
The prevalence of chronic disease multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly residents in China is high. Older age, unmarried, overweight and obesity, too little or too much sleep may increase the risk of multimorbidity.
研究我国45岁以上中老年人群慢性病共病状况，并分析其影响因素。
利用“中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）”的数据，该调查自1989年起在全国范围内进行了10轮。采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法对我国9个省（市）的农村和城市地区进行调查。本研究使用2009年数据库中的一般社会人口学特征、病史、生活习惯等信息，对采集血样的研究对象进行分析。分别描述高血压、混合型高脂血症、高尿酸血症等8种常见慢性病及共病的患病率。使用R软件包中的维恩图计算疾病的共病情况。采用χ²检验和多重对应分析探讨我国中老年人群慢性病共病的影响因素。
在5316名研究对象中，8种慢性病中患病率最高的是高血压（2143例，40.3%）。患病率最低的是心肌梗死（87例，1.4%）。共有1498例患有两种或两种以上慢性病，检出率为28.18%。最常见的共病是高血压+高尿酸血症（199例，13.30%），其次是高血压+混合型高脂血症（191例，12.77%）。高血压+高尿酸血症+混合型高脂血症是三种慢性病最常见的组合（103例，6.89%）。年龄（Kendull=0.158，P<0.001）、地区（χ²=30.129，P<0.001）、BMI（Kendull=0.344，P<0.001）和婚姻状况（χ²=21.923，P<0.001）与共病数量有关。对应分析显示，年龄在65至74岁、居住在城市且睡眠时间少于7小时的研究对象更易发生共病。
我国中老年居民慢性病共病患病率较高。年龄较大、未婚、超重和肥胖、睡眠过少或过多可能增加共病风险。
