Shang Yongquan, Wu Xiaoyang, Wei Qinguo, Dou Huashan, Wang Xibao, Chen Jun, Zhang Huanxin, Ma Shengchao, Zhang Honghai
College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China.
Hulunbuir Academy of Inland Lakes in Northern Cold & Arid Areas, Hulunbuir, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Sep 24;11:548607. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.548607. eCollection 2020.
Bacteria have the metabolic potential to produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites, which have important roles in biogeochemical cycling processes. However, for Hulun Lake and the rivers that enter into it, the bacterial community structures and their effects have not previously been widely studied, limiting our ecological understanding of this habitat. To address this, we have analyzed the bacterial communities in the water ecosystem of the Hulun Lake Basin. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing identified 64 phyla, 165 classes, 218 orders, 386 families, and 740 genera of bacteria across all samples. The dominant phyla in the central area of the lake were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Cyanobacteria, while in all other areas, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were dominant. The microbial community structures were significantly affected by environmental factors [arsenic (As), pH, and sulfate (SO )] and their location in the lake. The species richness in the sediments of Hulun Lake was higher than in the water, and this ecosystem harbored the highest proportion of unclassified sequences, representing unclassified bacteria. This study provides basic data for future investigations into the Hulun lake ecosystem and for water microbial monitoring and protection measures.
细菌具有产生多种次生代谢产物的代谢潜力，这些次生代谢产物在生物地球化学循环过程中发挥着重要作用。然而，对于呼伦湖及其流入河流，此前尚未对细菌群落结构及其影响进行广泛研究，这限制了我们对该栖息地的生态学认识。为解决这一问题，我们分析了呼伦湖流域水生态系统中的细菌群落。通过16S rRNA高通量测序，在所有样本中鉴定出64个门、165个纲、218个目、386个科和740个属的细菌。湖中心区域的优势菌门为变形菌门、放线菌门、厚壁菌门和蓝细菌门，而在所有其他区域，优势菌门为变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门。微生物群落结构受到环境因素[砷（As）、pH值和硫酸盐（SO）]及其在湖中的位置的显著影响。呼伦湖沉积物中的物种丰富度高于水体，并且该生态系统中未分类序列的比例最高，代表未分类细菌。本研究为未来对呼伦湖生态系统的调查以及水微生物监测和保护措施提供了基础数据。
