School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 Apr 6;60(15):8035-8048. doi: 10.1002/anie.202012315. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Hydrogen bonding is a key governing force in molecular recognition, notably in biological systems. While it has been studied and exploited by supramolecular chemists for many years, most of this work has been conducted in organic solvents. Investigations in water, the biological solvent, have proceeded more slowly, largely because the interaction is weakened by solvation and less easy to detect. Recently it has become appreciated that the problems should be addressed, and work towards the deployment of H-bonding in water has accelerated. This Minireview discusses a range of synthetic receptors designed to bind organic molecules in aqueous media by combining hydrogen bonding with hydrophobic interactions. Some of these systems are capable of high affinities and selectivities, raising the hope of biomedical applications in the near future.
氢键是分子识别的关键控制因素，特别是在生物系统中。虽然超分子化学家多年来一直在研究和利用氢键，但这项工作大多是在有机溶剂中进行的。在生物溶剂水中的研究进展较为缓慢，这主要是因为氢键在水中会被溶剂化而减弱，并且更难被检测到。最近人们逐渐认识到应该解决这些问题，并且在水中利用氢键的工作已经加速。这篇综述讨论了一系列设计用于在水介质中通过氢键与疏水相互作用结合有机分子的合成受体。其中一些系统具有高亲和力和选择性，这使得在不久的将来有望在生物医学领域得到应用。
