Kallen Alexander M, Perkins Emily R, Klawohn Julia, Hajcak Greg
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2020 Dec;158:215-224. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.017. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by impulsivity and distractibility, has been linked to blunted neural indicators of executive function and motivational processing. In the current study, we examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between P300 to feedback stimuli, the reward positivity (RewP), and interview-based and parent-reported ADHD symptoms in a sample of 300 female adolescents aged 8 to 14 who were re-assessed two years later. Cross-sectional analyses indicated that a smaller P300, but not RewP, was associated with greater interview-based and parent-reported ADHD symptoms. Moreover, both the P300 and RewP predicted interview-based symptom exacerbation among participants with some ADHD symptoms at baseline. These effects were found to be independent, supporting the notion of equifinal neurodevelopmental pathways to ADHD: one related to executive function (P300) and the other to motivational processing (RewP). Our results suggest that incorporating psychophysiological measures into early assessment could be valuable for identifying youths likely to have a persistent course of ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种以冲动和注意力不集中为特征的神经发育综合征，与执行功能和动机处理的神经指标迟钝有关。在本研究中，我们在300名8至14岁的女性青少年样本中，考察了对反馈刺激的P300、奖励正性波（RewP）与基于访谈和家长报告的ADHD症状之间的横断面和前瞻性关联，这些青少年在两年后接受了重新评估。横断面分析表明，较小的P300与基于访谈和家长报告的更严重的ADHD症状相关，但RewP并非如此。此外，P300和RewP都预测了基线时患有某些ADHD症状的参与者中基于访谈的症状加重情况。发现这些效应是独立的，支持了ADHD存在等效神经发育途径的观点：一种与执行功能（P300）有关，另一种与动机处理（RewP）有关。我们的结果表明，将心理生理测量纳入早期评估对于识别可能患有持续性ADHD病程的青少年可能具有重要价值。
