Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Dec;294:113509. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113509. Epub 2020 Oct 11.
The mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from parent to child are not yet known. We hypothesised that the mechanisms involved in trauma transmission may be dependent upon sex specific caregiver-child dyads and these dyads may have a differential impact on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A non-clinical sample of adult offspring (N = 306) of Australian Vietnam veterans was interviewed in-person to assess the relationship between family emotional climate and caregiver attachment with the offspring's adult experience of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Attachment to the veteran father was not associated with sons' PTSD, but was for daughters. Attachment to mother was associated with PTSD and depression for both sons and daughters, with positive and warm attachment related to reduced PTSD diagnosis and its symptom clusters. A less positive family emotional environment was related to increased PTSD symptoms in daughters, while for sons a negative relationship style with their mother was related to increased frequency and severity of numbing/avoidance behaviours and hyperarousal symptoms. The findings suggest that sex-related differences in caregiver-child dyads do have a differential impact on PTSD symptom domains and may be one environmental mechanism by which trauma is transmitted across generations.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）代际传递的机制尚不清楚。我们假设，创伤传递所涉及的机制可能取决于特定性别的照顾者-儿童对，并且这些对可能对创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）产生不同的影响。我们对澳大利亚越南退伍军人的成年子女（N=306）进行了非临床样本的面对面访谈，以评估家庭情绪氛围与照顾者依恋与成年后创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）之间的关系。与退伍军人父亲的依恋与儿子的 PTSD 无关，但与女儿有关。与母亲的依恋与儿子和女儿的 PTSD 和抑郁有关，积极和温暖的依恋与减少 PTSD 诊断及其症状群有关。家庭情绪环境不太积极与女儿的 PTSD 症状增加有关，而儿子与母亲的消极关系与麻木/回避行为和过度警觉症状的频率和严重程度增加有关。研究结果表明，照顾者-儿童对之间的性别差异确实对 PTSD 症状领域有不同的影响，并且可能是创伤跨代传递的一种环境机制。
