Cai C, Tang H L, Chen F F, Li D M, Lyu P
Division of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Sep 10;41(9):1455-1459. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200417-00592.
To analyze the characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV infection cases in young students in China between 2010 and 2019 and provide evidence for the formulation of AIDS prevention and control measures in young students. Data were collected from the Basic Web-based HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System. The HIV infection cases in students aged 15-24 years reported between 2010 and 2019 were selected. Their basic characteristics were described, and Joinpoint Regression Model was used to analyze the temporal trends of new diagnosis rates in different age groups. A total of 23 307 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in young students, the male to female ratio was 33.9∶1 (22 640∶667), and the mean age was (19.9±2.05) years. The temporal trends of new diagnosis rates showed two stages, it increased rapidly between 2010 and 2015 (annual percentage changes, =32.1), and kept stable between 2015 and 2019 (=0.1, >0.05). The new diagnosis rates in all age groups showed increasing trends between 2010 and 2015, and the of age group 15-17 years was highest (30.2). Between 2015 and 2019, the new diagnosis rates in age group 23-24 years showed decreasing trend (=-17.0). The transmission route was mainly homosexual contact for males, and heterosexual contact for females. For most heterosexual transmission cases, they were infected through non-marital or non-commercial heterosexual contact. The male cases mainly came from HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinics, but the female cases were mainly found in hospitals. The male cases had higher mean first CD(4)(+)T cells counts (CD(4)) compared with female cases (=3.917, =0.000). The overall increase trend of newly reported HIV infection in young students slowed slow down trend between 2010 and 2019, but the newly reported HIV infections in age group 15-17 years still showed an increase trend. It is necessary to carry out sex health education effectively in young students to reduce the high-risk sexual behavior and expand HIV test coverage in students.
分析2010年至2019年中国青年学生新报告艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染病例的特征及变化趋势，为制定青年学生艾滋病防控措施提供依据。数据来源于艾滋病综合防治信息系统。选取2010年至2019年报告的1524岁学生HIV感染病例，描述其基本特征，并采用Joinpoint回归模型分析不同年龄组新诊断率的时间变化趋势。共报告青年学生HIV/AIDS病例23307例，男女比例为33.9∶1（22640∶667），平均年龄为（19.9±2.05）岁。新诊断率的时间变化趋势呈两个阶段，2010年至2015年呈快速上升趋势（年变化百分比=32.1），2015年至2019年呈平稳态势（=0.1，>0.05）。各年龄组新诊断率在2010年至2015年均呈上升趋势，其中1517岁年龄组上升幅度最大（30.2）。2015年至2019年，2324岁年龄组新诊断率呈下降趋势（=-17.0）。传播途径以男性同性性接触为主，女性以异性性接触为主。大部分异性性传播病例通过非婚非商业性异性性接触感染。男性病例主要来源于HIV自愿咨询检测门诊，女性病例主要发现于医院。男性病例首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数（CD4）均值高于女性（=3.917，=0.000）。2010年至2019年青年学生新报告HIV感染总体上升趋势减缓，但1517岁年龄组新报告HIV感染仍呈上升趋势。需在青年学生中有效开展性健康教育，减少高危性行为，扩大学生HIV检测覆盖面。
