Kong J J, Wang P, Liang Y, Su L Q, Shi L Y
Yunnan Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
Yunnan Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Sep 10;41(9):1504-1508. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191128-00842.
To analyze the epidemic situation and influencing factors of plague in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous prefectures (Dehong) from 1950 to 2019, for the improvement of strategies on prevention and control of the disease. The epidemic situation and surveillance data of animal and human plague in Dehong prefecture from 1950 to 2019 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Multiple linear regression equations were established by SPSS 20.0 software to analyze the relationship between plague among animals and rat density and flea index, as well as the relationship between human plague and plague among animals. In Dehong prefecture, plague experienced a phenomenon of epidemic-resting-epidemic-resting cycle, between 1950 and 2019. During this period, 614 epidemic spots were identified in 36 townships of five counties/cities,. Human plague had been prevalent for 15 years, with 1 153 human cases and 379 deaths involved. Between 1982 and 2019, 261 319 rodents were captured, of which accounted for 70.95%(185 421/261 319). A total of 70 124 fleas were seized with 76.65%(53 752/70 124), xenopsylla cheopis as fleas. The index of fleas and free fleas were 0.57 and 0.22 respectively. A total of 1 577 strains of were isolated from 285 091 animal specimens and 418 strains of were isolated from 60 119 groups of fleas, with 255 F1 antibody positive samples were detected from 64 157 sera samples. Neither nor the outbreak of plague had been noticed since 2008. Correlations between both animal plagues and rat density, as well as human plague and animals plague were noticed from the regression analysis. The epidemics of plague were with long-term and stable nature, in Dehong prefecture. Affected by many factors, plague seemed in a resting period currently. However, we should be reminded that the fact that outbreak of plague may revive at some uncertaint point. Hence in order to prevent human plague, strategies as careful surveillance programs on animals, need to be strenthened.
为分析1950 - 2019年德宏傣族景颇族自治州（德宏州）鼠疫疫情及影响因素，以完善疾病防控策略。采用描述性流行病学方法收集并分析德宏州1950 - 2019年动物鼠疫和人间鼠疫的疫情及监测数据。运用SPSS 20.0软件建立多重线性回归方程，分析动物鼠疫与鼠密度、蚤指数的关系，以及人间鼠疫与动物鼠疫的关系。1950 - 2019年期间，德宏州鼠疫呈现流行 - 静止 - 流行 - 静止的循环现象。在此期间，全州5个县（市）36个乡镇共发现614个疫点。人间鼠疫流行15年，累计发病1153例，死亡379人。1982 - 2019年共捕获鼠类261319只，其中黄胸鼠占70.95%（185421/261319）；共检获蚤类70124匹，其中印鼠客蚤占76.65%（53752/70124），染蚤率和游离蚤指数分别为0.57和0.22。从285091份动物标本中分离到鼠疫菌1577株，从60119组蚤类中分离到418株，从64157份血清标本中检测到F1抗体阳性样本255份。自2008年以来未发现鼠疫菌及鼠疫疫情。回归分析显示动物鼠疫与鼠密度、人间鼠疫与动物鼠疫均存在相关性。德宏州鼠疫疫情具有长期性和稳定性，目前受多种因素影响处于静止期，但需警惕鼠疫疫情在不确定时间点再次发生。因此，为预防人间鼠疫，需加强动物鼠疫监测等防控措施。
