Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 May;164(5):1001-1010. doi: 10.1177/0194599820961989. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
To (1) summarize strategies proposed in the recent otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OTO-HNS) literature for improving the residency application and selection process, (2) evaluate the effects of recently implemented changes to the OTO-HNS match, and (3) discuss recommendations for future changes to the OTO-HNS residency application and selection process.
PubMed, Medline Ovid database, and article reference lists.
A structured literature search was performed to identify current English language articles relating to the objectives of this study using the aforementioned data sources, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was limited to submissions published between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2020.
Numerous proposals have been made for improving the otolaryngology residency application and selection process and addressing the competitive nature of the Match. These proposals include but are not limited to mandating a secondary essay, implementing consortia and early match processes, using a signaling system, conducting regional and web-based interviews, offering early engagement with interest groups, instituting a hard cap on applications, increasing costs of applying, counseling self-restraint to prospective applicants, and creating application filters.
As the volume of literature surrounding the OTO-HNS Match continues to increase, this review aims to provide a summary of past proposals and serve as a guide for possible future innovations. We propose 3 initiatives that may improve the residency application and selection process for both program and resident, with minimal impact to the current National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Match structure.
（1）总结最近耳鼻喉科-头颈外科（OTO-HNS）文献中提出的改善住院医师申请和选拔过程的策略，（2）评估 OTO-HNS 匹配中最近实施的变化的效果，（3）讨论对 OTO-HNS 住院医师申请和选拔过程进行未来变革的建议。
PubMed、Ovid 医学数据库和文章参考文献列表。
根据上述资料来源，按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，进行了结构化文献检索，以确定与本研究目标相关的当前英语语言文章。检索范围限于 2015 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 1 月 1 日期间发表的提交内容。
许多人提出了改进耳鼻喉科住院医师申请和选拔过程并解决竞争性质的匹配的建议。这些建议包括但不限于强制要求提交补充论文、实施联合和早期匹配过程、使用信号系统、进行区域和网络面试、提供与兴趣小组的早期接触、实施申请数量上限、增加申请成本、对潜在申请人进行自我克制咨询，以及创建申请筛选器。
随着围绕 OTO-HNS 匹配的文献数量不断增加，本综述旨在总结过去的建议，并为未来的创新提供指导。我们提出了 3 项可能改善住院医师申请和选拔过程的举措，对现行的全国住院医师匹配计划（NRMP）匹配结构的影响最小。
