Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Hydration Science Lab, Phoenix, AZ85004, USA.
Newton, MA, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2021 May 28;125(10):1092-1100. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520003475. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
It is unclear if mild-to-moderate dehydration independently affects mood without confounders like heat exposure or exercise. This study examined the acute effect of cellular dehydration on mood. Forty-nine adults (55 % female, age 39 (sd 8) years) were assigned to counterbalanced, crossover trials. Intracellular dehydration was induced with 2-h (0·1 ml/kg per min) 3 % hypertonic saline (HYPER) infusion or 0·9 % isotonic saline (ISO) as a control. Plasma osmolality increased in HYPER (pre 285 (sd 3), post 305 (sd 4) mmol/kg; P < 0·05) but remained unchanged in ISO (pre 285 (sd 3), post 288 (sd 3) mmol/kg; P > 0·05). Mood was assessed with the short version of the Profile of Mood States Questionnaire (POMS). The POMS sub-scale (confusion-bewilderment, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia) increased in HYPER compared with ISO (P < 0·05). Total mood disturbance score (TMD) assessed by POMS increased from 10·3 (sd 0·9) to 16·6 (sd 1·7) in HYPER (P < 0·01), but not in ISO (P > 0·05). When TMD was stratified by sex, the increase in the HYPER trial was significant in females (P < 0·01) but not in males (P > 0·05). Following infusion, thirst and copeptin (surrogate for vasopressin) were also higher in females than in males (21·3 (sd 2·0), 14·1 (sd 1·4) pmol/l; P < 0·01) during HYPER. In conclusion, cellular dehydration acutely degraded specific aspects of mood mainly in women. The mechanisms underlying sex differences may be related to elevated thirst and vasopressin.
目前尚不清楚轻度至中度脱水是否会在没有热暴露或运动等混杂因素的情况下独立影响情绪。本研究探讨了细胞脱水对情绪的急性影响。49 名成年人（55%为女性，年龄 39（sd 8）岁）被分配到平衡、交叉试验中。通过 2 小时（0·1 毫升/公斤/分钟）3%高渗盐水（HYPER）输注诱导细胞内脱水，或作为对照给予 0·9%等渗盐水（ISO）。HYPER 组的血浆渗透压升高（预处理 285（sd 3），后处理 305（sd 4）mmol/kg；P < 0·05），而 ISO 组不变（预处理 285（sd 3），后处理 288（sd 3）mmol/kg；P > 0·05）。使用心境状态问卷（POMS）的简短版本评估情绪。与 ISO 相比，HYPER 组的 POMS 子量表（困惑-茫然、抑郁-沮丧、疲劳-惰性）增加（P < 0·05）。POMS 评估的总心境障碍评分（TMD）在 HYPER 中从 10·3（sd 0·9）增加到 16·6（sd 1·7）（P < 0·01），但在 ISO 中没有增加（P > 0·05）。当 TMD 按性别分层时，女性在 HYPER 试验中的增加显著（P < 0·01），而男性则不显著（P > 0·05）。输注后，女性的口渴和 copeptin（血管加压素的替代物）也高于男性（21·3（sd 2·0），14·1（sd 1·4）pmol/l；P < 0·01）在 HYPER 期间。总之，细胞脱水会在女性中急性恶化特定的情绪方面。性别差异的潜在机制可能与口渴和血管加压素升高有关。
