Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Oregon Law Center , Portland, Oregon, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2020 Oct;25(4):413-416. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2020.1815622. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Facing the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing outbreaks among farmworkers and food processing workers across the nation, the Oregon Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OR OSHA) issued temporary regulations, in contrast to optional recommendations, in late spring. These regulations aimed to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission among farmworkers, but made compromises that may fail to reduce the risk of further outbreaks among Oregon's agricultural workers, particularly those living in agricultural labor housing. Instead of considering the scientific literature that called for attention to space and length of time for social distancing among unrelated persons in indoor areas, the agency accepted the 6-foot social distancing rule of thumb and allowed even shorter distances between beds with the installation of plastic or plywood barriers. The 6-foot distance (or less with a barrier) between people sleeping next to each other in poorly ventilated housing has proved disastrous. Additionally, testing for migrant and seasonal farmworkers is neither uniform nor thorough, and little data have been collected to assess the success of existing testing efforts. New regulations must be adopted for farm labor housing that limit occupancy to at most two unrelated individuals for a room of 200 square feet; include expanded specification on the provision of fresh air in shared living spaces; and support increased access to testing, surveillance testing, and alternative safe housing at labor housing sites for identified cases.
面对 COVID-19 大流行的爆发和全美农场工人及食品加工工人感染病例的不断增加,俄勒冈职业健康与安全管理局(OR OSHA)在春末发布了临时规定,而非之前的可选建议。这些规定旨在降低农场工人之间 COVID-19 传播的风险,但为了降低俄勒冈州农业工人(尤其是居住在农业劳工住房中的工人)进一步爆发疫情的风险,规定作出了妥协。该局没有考虑到科学文献中呼吁关注室内非相关人员之间保持社交距离的空间和时间长短,而是接受了 6 英尺的社交距离经验法则,并允许通过安装塑料或胶合板屏障来缩短床位之间的距离。在通风不良的住房中,相邻床位之间的 6 英尺距离(或使用屏障时距离更短)被证明是灾难性的。此外,对移民和季节性农业工人的检测既不统一也不彻底,而且几乎没有收集到数据来评估现有检测工作的成效。新的劳工住房法规必须规定,每个 200 平方英尺的房间最多只能容纳两个不相关的人;在共享生活空间中提供新鲜空气的规定必须扩大;在劳工住房点为已确定的病例提供更多的检测、监测检测和替代安全住房。