Zafar-Ul-Hye Muhammad, Naeem Muhammad, Danish Subhan, Khan Muhammad Jamil, Fahad Shah, Datta Rahul, Brtnicky Martin, Kintl Antonin, Hussain Ghulam Sabir, El-Esawi Mohamed A
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Oct 17;9(10):1386. doi: 10.3390/plants9101386.
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the heavy metals that negatively affects the growth of plants. High solubilization in water leads Cd to enter into plants quite easily, thus decreasing seed germination, photosynthesis, and transpiration. It also shows an antagonistic effect with many of the plants' nutrients like Mn, Ca, K, Mg and Fe. Nowadays, inoculation of plants with ACC deaminase (ACCD) rhizobacteria to mitigate Cd's adverse effects has drawn the attention of environmental microbiologists. The rhizobacteria secrete organic compounds that can immobilize Cd in soil. Therefore, this study was accomplished to investigate the effect of ACCD plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the bitter gourd under Cd stress. There were six treatments consisting of two ACCD PGPR ( and ) strains and inorganic fertilizers at two levels of Cd, i.e., 2 (Cd2) and 5 mg kg soil (Cd5). The results showed with the recommended NPK fertilizer (RNPKF) significantly increased the vine length (48 and 55%), fresh weight (24 and 22%), and contents of chlorophyll a (79 and 50%), chlorophyll b (30 and 33%) and total chlorophyll (61 and 36%), over control at the two Cd levels i.e., Cd2 and Cd5, respectively. In conclusion, the recommended NPK fertilizer + combination is a very effective treatment with which to immobilize Cd in soil for the improvement of bitter gourd growth.
镉（Cd）是对植物生长产生负面影响的重金属之一。在水中的高溶解性使镉很容易进入植物，从而降低种子发芽率、光合作用和蒸腾作用。它还与许多植物养分如锰、钙、钾、镁和铁表现出拮抗作用。如今，接种具有1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶（ACCD）的根际细菌以减轻镉的不利影响已引起环境微生物学家的关注。根际细菌分泌的有机化合物可以使镉固定在土壤中。因此，本研究旨在探讨ACCD促植物生长根际细菌（PGPR）对镉胁迫下苦瓜的影响。有六种处理，包括两种ACCD PGPR（ 和 ）菌株以及在两个镉水平（即2 （Cd2）和5毫克/千克土壤（Cd5））下的无机肥料。结果表明，在Cd2和Cd5这两个镉水平下，与推荐的氮磷钾肥料（RNPKF）相比， 分别使藤蔓长度显著增加（48%和55%）、鲜重显著增加（24%和22%）、叶绿素a含量显著增加（79%和50%）、叶绿素b含量显著增加（30%和33%）以及总叶绿素含量显著增加（61%和36%）。总之，推荐的氮磷钾肥料 + 组合是一种非常有效的处理方法，可用于固定土壤中的镉以促进苦瓜生长。
