Kowalczyk Jakub, Lopato Przemyslaw, Psuj Grzegorz, Ulbrich Dariusz
Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 70-313 Szczecin, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Oct 18;13(20):4648. doi: 10.3390/ma13204648.
The utilization of a glass-adhesive-steel joint in modern machine and vehicle production is constantly growing. Despite the technological regime during the production process, various defects in the adhesive joints may occur. One of the major problems is lack of adhesive between joined materials. Due to the widespread use of non-transparent layers increasing adhesion, it is frequently not possible to conduct simple visual inspections. Hence, it is important to develop a non-destructive adhesive path continuity examination procedure. In that process, the different physical properties of the joint materials must be taken into account. Therefore, in this paper various testing methods were used, including ultrasound, thermographic and electromagnetic methods operating in the microwave and terahertz frequency range. Different physical phenomena of the methods allowed for examination of the joint in a wide context. In order to verify the information brought by each method, the results were transferred into common coordinate space, compared and finally integrated. Various opinion pooling strategies were conducted to fuse data, which allowed us to emphasize convergent and complementary information on adhesive continuity. The obtained results are promising and constitute the basis for further work on an integrated system for automatic evaluation of a wide range of possible defects in glass-adhesive-steel joints.
玻璃-胶粘剂-钢接头在现代机械和车辆生产中的应用不断增加。尽管生产过程中有技术规范，但胶粘剂接头仍可能出现各种缺陷。主要问题之一是连接材料之间缺乏胶粘剂。由于广泛使用增加附着力的不透明层，通常无法进行简单的目视检查。因此，开发一种无损胶粘剂路径连续性检测程序很重要。在这个过程中，必须考虑接头材料的不同物理特性。因此，本文使用了各种测试方法，包括在微波和太赫兹频率范围内运行的超声、热成像和电磁方法。这些方法的不同物理现象使得能够在广泛的背景下对接头进行检测。为了验证每种方法提供的信息，将结果转换到公共坐标空间，进行比较并最终整合。采用了各种意见汇总策略来融合数据，这使我们能够强调关于胶粘剂连续性的收敛和互补信息。所获得的结果很有前景，为进一步开展玻璃-胶粘剂-钢接头各种可能缺陷自动评估集成系统的工作奠定了基础。
