Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(21):4190-4206. doi: 10.2174/0929867327666201020151124.
Mitochondria are a potent source of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are vulnerable to oxidative damage. Mitochondria dysfunction could result in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) decrease and cell death. The kidney is an ATP-consuming organ, and the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and renal disease has been long noted. Mitochondrial targeting is a novel strategy for kidney diseases. At present, there are several ways to target mitochondria, such as the addition of a triphenylphosphonium cation, mitochondria-targeted peptides, and nanocarrier. There are also a variety of choices for the payload, such as nitroxides, quinone derivates, vitamins and so on. This review summarized the chemical and also clinical characteristics of various mitochondria- targeted antioxidants and focused on their application and perspectives in kidney diseases.
线粒体是细胞内活性氧（ROS）的重要来源，容易受到氧化损伤。线粒体功能障碍可导致三磷酸腺苷（ATP）减少和细胞死亡。肾脏是一个消耗 ATP 的器官，线粒体功能障碍与肾脏疾病之间的关系很早就已被注意到。线粒体靶向是治疗肾脏疾病的一种新策略。目前，有几种靶向线粒体的方法，例如添加三苯基膦阳离子、线粒体靶向肽和纳米载体。对于有效载荷也有多种选择，例如氮氧化物、醌衍生物、维生素等。本综述总结了各种线粒体靶向抗氧化剂的化学和临床特性，并重点介绍了它们在肾脏疾病中的应用和前景。
