Samanta Hiranmay, Bhattacharjee Ankur, Pramanik Moumita, Das Abhijit, Bhattacharya Konika Das, Saha Hiranmay
Centre of Excellence for Green Energy and Sensor Systems, IIEST, Shibpur, Howrah-71110, India.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana-500078, India.
J Energy Storage. 2020 Dec;32:101967. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101967. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
In this paper, an optimized energy management scheme for Solar PV, Biogas, Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) storage integrated grid-interactive hybrid microgrid system has been implemented using a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) based smart communication platform. The energy monitoring and control architecture of the proposed system consists of four main parts; 1) Low-cost energy meter for real-time data acquisition for multiple renewable energy sources (Solar PV, Biomass), VRFB storage, grid and loads. 2) Monitoring, control & fault detection using Raspberry-Pi (Single Board Computer) platform and MODBUS over TCP/IP platform. 3) Cloud-based remote monitoring unit (RMU) using Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) server and ThingSpeak Middleware. 4) Capacity measurement of biogas production along with automatic start/stop control of biogas engine-generator. 5) VRFB storage scheduling for peak demand shaving. A PSCAD simulation study has been done to realize the hybrid microgrid interconnection. The developed smart communication system performance is validated by a practical 10kW solar PV, 15kVA biogas plant, 6 kWh VRFB storage integrated hybrid microgrid which satisfies peak demand management and ensures zero loss of power supply probability for dynamic load profile. Four real-life case studies have been done for the practical realization of the proposed energy management algorithm performance. Another significant contribution of this paper is the utilization of the solar PV power even during grid outage scenario at day time. It is made possible by intelligent interfacing of biogas power generator which acts as a reference AC bus for the grid-tied solar inverter and thus the available solar PV power can be used to serve the critical loads during grid outage condition. The proposed smart hybrid microgrid solution claims to be a generalized one, low cost compared to existing alternatives and applicable to satisfy scalable community energy security as well.
本文利用基于物联网（IoT）的低成本智能通信平台，实现了一种针对太阳能光伏、沼气、钒氧化还原液流电池（VRFB）储能集成的并网交互式混合微电网系统的优化能量管理方案。所提系统的能量监测与控制架构主要由四个部分组成：1）用于多个可再生能源（太阳能光伏、生物质能）、VRFB储能、电网及负载实时数据采集的低成本电表。2）使用树莓派（单板计算机）平台和基于TCP/IP的MODBUS平台进行监测、控制及故障检测。3）基于消息队列遥测传输（MQTT）服务器和ThingSpeak中间件的云基远程监测单元（RMU）。4）沼气产量的容量测量以及沼气发动机 - 发电机的自动启停控制。5）用于削峰的VRFB储能调度。已进行PSCAD仿真研究以实现混合微电网互联。所开发的智能通信系统性能通过一个实际的10kW太阳能光伏、15kVA沼气厂、6kWh VRFB储能集成混合微电网得到验证，该微电网满足峰值需求管理，并确保动态负载曲线下的供电概率零损失。已针对所提能量管理算法性能的实际实现进行了四个实际案例研究。本文的另一项重要贡献是即使在白天电网停电情况下也能利用太阳能光伏发电。这通过沼气发电机的智能接口得以实现，该发电机作为并网太阳能逆变器的参考交流母线，因此在电网停电时，可用的太阳能光伏发电可用于为关键负载供电。所提智能混合微电网解决方案据称是一种通用方案，与现有替代方案相比成本较低，也适用于满足可扩展的社区能源安全需求。
