Alshebri Munirah Saad, Alshouimi Reema Abdulaziz, Alhumidi Hadeel Aqeel, Alshaya Abdulrahman I
College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
SN Compr Clin Med. 2020;2(11):2037-2047. doi: 10.1007/s42399-020-00589-2. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
This review provides an overview of studies and case reports of neurological and neuromuscular complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and describes the possible mechanisms of viral transmission to the central nervous system (CNS). Coronavirus family has shown central and peripheral nervous system tropism in multiple retrospective studies and case reports from different parts of the world. To date, the reported cases of neurological and neuromuscular complications associated with coronaviruses, especially COVID-19, are increasing. Neurological and neuromuscular symptoms and complications ranging from headache and anosmia to more severe encephalitis and stroke have been reported in many studies. However, the neurotropism mechanism of coronaviruses is still not clear and the evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement is limited despite the number of studies that attempted to illustrate the possible CNS invasion mechanisms. The reported neurological complications of coronaviruses are summarized in this article.
本综述概述了与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）和2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关的神经和神经肌肉并发症的研究及病例报告，并描述了病毒传播至中枢神经系统（CNS）的可能机制。在来自世界各地的多项回顾性研究和病例报告中，冠状病毒家族已显示出对中枢和外周神经系统的嗜性。迄今为止，与冠状病毒尤其是COVID-19相关的神经和神经肌肉并发症的报告病例正在增加。许多研究报告了从头痛和嗅觉丧失到更严重的脑炎和中风等神经和神经肌肉症状及并发症。然而，冠状病毒的嗜神经机制仍不清楚，尽管有许多研究试图阐明可能的中枢神经系统入侵机制，但中枢神经系统（CNS）受累的证据仍然有限。本文总结了已报道的冠状病毒神经并发症。
