Rodriguez Myosotys, Soler Yemmy, Perry Marissa, Reynolds Jessica L, El-Hage Nazira
Department of Immunology and Nano-medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 16;11:583459. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.583459. eCollection 2020.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), began in December 2019, in Wuhan, China and was promptly declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). As an acute respiratory disease, COVID-19 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is the same receptor used by its predecessor, SARS-CoV, to enter and spread through the respiratory tract. Common symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, fatigue and in a small population of patients, SARS-CoV-2 can cause several neurological symptoms. Neurological malaise may include severe manifestations, such as acute cerebrovascular disease and meningitis/encephalitis. Although there is evidence showing that coronaviruses can invade the central nervous system (CNS), studies are needed to address the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS and to decipher the underlying neurotropic mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes current reports on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and addresses potential routes used by SARS-CoV-2 to invade the CNS.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起，于2019年12月在中国武汉爆发，并迅速被世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布为大流行病。作为一种急性呼吸道疾病，COVID-19利用血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）受体进入呼吸道并在其中传播，其前身SARS-CoV也使用该受体。COVID-19的常见症状包括发热、咳嗽、疲劳，在少数患者中，SARS-CoV-2可导致多种神经症状。神经不适可能包括严重表现，如急性脑血管疾病和脑膜炎/脑炎。尽管有证据表明冠状病毒可侵入中枢神经系统（CNS），但仍需开展研究以探讨SARS-CoV-2在中枢神经系统中的侵入情况，并解读SARS-CoV-2潜在的嗜神经机制。本综述总结了目前关于COVID-19神经表现的报告，并探讨了SARS-CoV-2侵入中枢神经系统的潜在途径。
