Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co, NC, USA.
Biomed Chromatogr. 2021 Jan;35(1):e5008. doi: 10.1002/bmc.5008. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
Derivatization, or chemical structure modification, is often used in bioanalysis performed by liquid chromatography technique in order to enhance detectability or to improve the chromatographic performance for the target analytes. The derivatization process is discussed according to the analytical procedure used to achieve the reaction between the reagent and the target compounds (containing hydroxyl, thiol, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl as the main functional groups involved in derivatization). Important procedures for derivatization used in bioanalysis are in situ or based on extraction processes (liquid-liquid, solid-phase and related techniques) applied to the biomatrix. In the review, chiral, isotope-labeling, hydrophobicity-tailored and post-column derivatizations are also included, based on representative publications in the literature during the last two decades. Examples of derivatization reagents and brief reaction conditions are included, together with some bioanalytical applications and performances (chromatographic conditions, detection limit, stability and sample biomatrix).
衍生化，或化学结构修饰，通常用于通过液相色谱技术进行的生物分析中，以提高检测的灵敏度或改善目标分析物的色谱性能。衍生化过程是根据分析程序进行讨论的，以实现试剂与目标化合物（主要功能基团为羟基、巯基、氨基、羰基和羧基）之间的反应。生物分析中使用的重要衍生化程序是原位衍生化或基于提取过程（液-液、固相和相关技术）应用于生物基质。在综述中，还包括手性、同位素标记、疏水性修饰和柱后衍生化，基于过去二十年文献中的代表性出版物。包括衍生化试剂的实例和简要的反应条件，以及一些生物分析应用和性能（色谱条件、检测限、稳定性和样品生物基质）。
