Russo Letícia Xander
Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2020 Oct 19;36(10):e00182819. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00182819. eCollection 2020.
Many schoolchildren report bullying by their classmates because of their physical appearance. Teenagers' body weight is one of the main reasons for this victimization. The current study aims to investigate the association between victimization from bullying and body mass index (BMI) in Brazilian schoolchildren. This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Brazilian National School Health Survey (PeNSE) in 2015 for students from 11 to 15 years of age. The analysis used the Probit model. The probability of victimization from bullying was 46% in Brazilian schoolchildren in this age bracket. There was a significant non-linear association between BMI and bullying. Both underweight and overweight/obese schoolchildren were more likely to suffer bullying, compared to their peers with adequate weight for age. The association was found in both sexes, and the U-shaped curve was more accentuated in girls. Risk factors included feeling misunderstood by parents, dissatisfaction with one's own body, and enrollment in public schools. Living with the mother, mother's schooling, and a proxy for family income were neither risk factors nor protective factors for bullying. The results show that overweight/obese and underweight students should be considered a risk group for bullying.
许多学童报告称，由于他们的外貌而遭到同学欺凌。青少年的体重是遭受这种伤害的主要原因之一。当前的研究旨在调查巴西学童中欺凌受害情况与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。这是一项横断面研究，使用了2015年巴西全国学校健康调查（PeNSE）中11至15岁学生的数据。分析采用了Probit模型。在这个年龄段的巴西学童中，遭受欺凌的概率为46%。BMI与欺凌之间存在显著的非线性关联。与体重符合年龄标准的同龄人相比，体重过轻和超重/肥胖的学童更有可能遭受欺凌。这种关联在男女中均有发现，并且在女孩中U形曲线更为明显。风险因素包括感觉被父母误解、对自己身体不满意以及就读于公立学校。与母亲同住、母亲的受教育程度以及家庭收入的一个替代指标既不是欺凌的风险因素也不是保护因素。结果表明，超重/肥胖和体重过轻的学生应被视为遭受欺凌的风险群体。
