Catholic University of Croatia.
J Health Polit Policy Law. 2021 Feb 1;46(1):147-175. doi: 10.1215/03616878-8706651.
The effect of EU policy and its legal framework on health care in CEE member states has been complex. In relation to health care access and financial sustainability, it has been detrimental in certain parts of CEE. This has primarily been the result of economic/fiscal governance instruments of the EU and free-movement rules facilitating outflows of health care professionals. Although there has been a general improvement in access to health care since accession to the EU, the instruments the EU has used to handle the economic crisis have somewhat offset this improvement. Additionally, outflow of health care professionals has resulted in retention strategies such as salary increases and investments in medical infrastructure in some CEE member states, increasing the standard of health care. Still, differences between East and West in terms of important health indicators continue to exist, and EU instruments aimed at compensating this generally lack power to provide meaningful solutions. It seems more solidarity between member states is the only way to increase legitimacy of the European integration in CEE member states and thus prevent them from feeling as outsiders within the EU. Without such a development, CEE countries will continue to lag behind other parts of the Union.
欧盟政策及其法律框架对中东欧成员国的医疗保健产生了复杂的影响。就医疗保健的可及性和财务可持续性而言，在中东欧的某些地区，其产生了不利影响。这主要是由于欧盟的经济/财政治理工具和促进医疗保健专业人员外流的自由流动规则造成的。尽管自加入欧盟以来，人们普遍改善了获得医疗保健的机会，但欧盟用来应对经济危机的工具在一定程度上抵消了这种改善。此外，医疗保健专业人员的外流导致一些中东欧成员国采取了保留策略，如提高工资和投资医疗基础设施，从而提高了医疗保健的标准。尽管如此，东欧和西欧在重要健康指标方面仍存在差异，欧盟旨在弥补这一差距的工具通常缺乏提供有意义解决方案的能力。似乎成员国之间更多的团结是增加中东欧成员国对欧洲一体化合法性的唯一途径，从而防止它们在欧盟中感到自己是局外人。如果没有这样的发展，中东欧国家将继续落后于欧盟的其他地区。
