Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Dec 1;217:108347. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108347. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Little is known about differences in tobacco product dependence among people who use two tobacco products versus one. Self-reported product dependence among individuals using cigarettes only, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) only, and both cigarettes and ENDS (dual users) was compared.
PATH Wave 3 data were collected between 2015 and 2016. We used 11 Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives items to assess cigarette and ENDS dependence, averaged to generate Cigarette Dependence (CD) and ENDS Dependence (ED) scores. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between tobacco use groups and the two dependence scores.
Our analytic sample included 5538 (91.5 %) cigarette only, 399 (6.7 %) ENDS only, and 108 (1.8 %) dual users. There was no difference in CD between cigarette only and dual users. ENDS only users' ED (2.11, SE = 0.05) was higher than dual users' ED (1.67, SE = 0.04) (p < 0.05). Dual users' mean ED (1.70, SE = 0.09) was significantly lower than their CD (3.03, SE = 0.11) (p < 0.001), and ENDS only users' ED (2.34, SE = 0.05) was significantly lower than cigarette only users' CD (2.94, SE = 0.02) (p < 0.001).
While there was no difference in CD between dual and cigarette only users, dual users' ED was lower than that for ENDS only users. ENDS appeared to produce less dependence than cigarettes among dual users. Given the high nicotine concentration ENDS products that entered the market after PATH Wave 3 data were collected, future research should examine ED among ENDS only and dual users.
人们对使用两种烟草产品与一种烟草产品的人之间在烟草产品依赖方面的差异知之甚少。比较了仅使用香烟、仅使用电子烟（ENDS）以及同时使用香烟和 ENDS（双重使用者）的个体的自我报告产品依赖情况。
PATH 波 3 数据于 2015 年至 2016 年期间收集。我们使用了 11 项威斯康星州吸烟依赖动机问卷来评估香烟和 ENDS 的依赖程度，将其平均生成香烟依赖（CD）和 ENDS 依赖（ED）得分。使用线性回归模型评估烟草使用群体与这两个依赖得分之间的关联。
我们的分析样本包括 5538 名（91.5%）仅使用香烟者、399 名（6.7%）仅使用 ENDS 者和 108 名（1.8%）双重使用者。仅使用香烟者和双重使用者的 CD 没有差异。仅使用 ENDS 者的 ED（2.11，SE=0.05）高于双重使用者的 ED（1.67，SE=0.04）（p<0.05）。双重使用者的平均 ED（1.70，SE=0.09）明显低于其 CD（3.03，SE=0.11）（p<0.001），而仅使用 ENDS 者的 ED（2.34，SE=0.05）明显低于仅使用香烟者的 CD（2.94，SE=0.02）（p<0.001）。
虽然双重使用者和仅使用香烟者的 CD 没有差异，但双重使用者的 ED 低于仅使用 ENDS 者。在双重使用者中，ENDS 似乎比香烟产生的依赖程度低。鉴于 PATH 波 3 数据收集后市场上推出了尼古丁浓度较高的 ENDS 产品，未来的研究应该检查仅使用 ENDS 和双重使用者的 ED。
